Radiofrequency Sheaths

Author, reference no. Year Type of report No. leads Complete removal (%) Partial removal (%) Complications (%) Deaths (%) 

FLEXES Pacemaker Lead Extraction with the Laser Sheath, PLESSE Pacing Lead Extraction Surveillance Study in Europe 

In conclusion, few data are available regarding RF-assisted dilatation this technique does not appear to add a significant advantage when compared with other dilatation techniques, and its clinical use seems to be restricted to a small number of centers. 

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By administering intravenous heparin immediately after introduction of the venous sheaths, hemostatic activation is significantly decreased (29). There is also a significant risk for thromboembolism in patients referred for ablation of typical AFL who have not been appropriately anticoagulated (30). Radiofrequency ablation of chronic AFL is associated with significant left atrial stunning (3 I). 

Electrosurgical sheaths sheaths that use radiofrequency energy (such as that found in an electrosurgical unit) emitted between two electrodes at the sheath tip to disrupt the fibrotic adhesions. 

The electrosurgical technique is identical to the laser technique except for the use of an electrosurgical dissection sheath (EDS). The electrosurgical sheath has two bipolar tungsten electrodes that run the length of the sheath. The electrodes are exposed at the distal end of the sheath (Fig. 6.40). Radiofrequency... 

Insulation and sheaths for telecommunication equipment and for radiofrequency electrical wires and cables ... 

D. Insulation and Sheaths for Telecommunication and Radiofrequency Electrical Wires and Cables... 

For example, the requirements for PE insulation and sheathing for telecommunications (types 03 and 2), radiofrequency cables (type 03 and 2), and electricity supply cables (type TE, TSj and TS2) are given in Tables 12 14. All telecommunication and radiofrequency types of polyethylene insulation and sheathing are discussed in BS 6234. 

TABLE 13 Requirements for insulation and sheathing for radiofrequency cables... 

General Aspects Radiofrequency or microwave electric fields of sufficient strength can break down a gas under appropriate conditions and produce an electrically conducting medium, denoted as plasma. By definition, a plasma is a partially ionized gas, confined to a certain volume with equal numbers of positive and negative charges. The charged particles are free and exhibit a collective behavior. Similar to soap bubbles, plasmas possess at their boundaries a skin called the plasma sheath or Debye sheath. The main hody of a plasma always has a positive... 

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