Radiation radiolytic process, mechanism

The above theories invoke essentially the physical properties of the grafting system to explain the observed copolymerization phenomenon. Swelling either from the solvent or monomer or both is also an important factor in these reactions. However if the data in Figures 1 and 2 are considered, a further theory would appear to be necessary to explain the solvent properties observed, especially the trend in the alcohol data to n-octanol and also the benzene, pyridine, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride results. Thus, as previously proposed for radiation grafting processes, it is necessary to consider the radiation chemistry of the system and in particular the radiolysis products of the solvent in any complete analysis of the copolymerization process. It has been suggested that a contribution to the mechanism of the acceleration effect of methanol can be due to the radiolytic scavenging properties of styrene and hence the relative numbers of styrene... 

The radiation effect is very likely based on the oxidation of iodine by radiolytical products into the I+ form, but it is very difficult to analyze in detail the processes underlying the complex mechanism of the effect. Higher sensitivity of astatine towards oxidation indicates that strong alpha radiation of21 At could affect the labelling with this radionuclide even negatively (oxidation into higher oxidation states). 

With radiation grafting, there is also an additional mechanism for enhancement unique to acid and not applicable to the polyfunctional monomer additives. This process is particularly relevant to irradiations performed in air and involves the acid induced decomposition of peroxy species formed radiolytically in the backbone polymer, thus generating further sites where copolymerisation may occur (Equation 3). Current evidence (17) indicates that the contribution... 

The thermal decomposition of KMn04, an -type semiconductor, is associated with an electron transition from one anion site to another. Radiation enhances this process by producing MnOa and Mn04 , which catalyse thermal decomposition. A mechanism has been proposed for the thermal and radiolytic decomposition of K3Mn(C204)3,3H20,... 

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