Radiation detectors linear analyzers

An example of quasi CW THz detection [86] uses a THz wave parametric oscillator (TPO) consisting of a Q-switched Nd YAG laser and parametric oscillator [87,88], In this technique, MgO LiNb3 is employed as a non-linear material to generate CW THz. Silicon prisms couple the THz radiation from the non-linear crystal where it is detected using a pyroelectric detector. THz images are collected at discrete THz frequencies and then spectroscopically analyzed using a component spatial pattern analysis method to determine sample composition. 

Preamplifiers are used in nuclear channels in which the variable of interest is the rate of pulses occurring within the detector. Since they are installed in places with high radiation fields, their main purpose is to increase the pulse amplitude with a minimum of electronic components. Therefore, the output pulse of the preamplifier is not, suitable for count rate meters, and additional signal conditioning is necessary. Linear amplifiers provide the necessary means to discriminate the undesirable noise and to properly shape the pulses, making them compatible with counters, ratemeters and spectroscopy analyzers. Conventional solid state amplifiers are an essential part of reactor protection systems, NIM modules are preferred, but many research reactors I C systems have integrated nuclear channels. Both of them have shown to be reliable and safe. 

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