Release radial

To illustrate the effect of radial release interactions on the structure/ property relationships in shock-loaded materials, experiments were conducted on copper shock loaded using several shock-recovery designs that yielded differences in es but all having been subjected to a 10 GPa, 1 fis pulse duration, shock process [13]. Compression specimens were sectioned from these soft recovery samples to measure the reload yield behavior, and examined in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) to study the substructure evolution. The substructure and yield strength of the bulk shock-loaded copper samples were found to depend on the amount of e, in the shock-recovered sample at a constant peak pressure and pulse duration. In Fig. 6.8 the quasi-static reload yield strength of the 10 GPa shock-loaded copper is observed to increase with increasing residual sample strain. 

Case II radial release from a cylinder. The following equation describes the fractional drug released, q(t) /qoo, when case II drug transport with radial release from a cylinder of radius p is considered [66] ... 

Case II 1-dimensional radial release from a sphere. For a sphere of radius p with Case II 1-dimensional radial release, the fractional drug released,... 

The analysis of Case II drug transport with axial and radial release from the cylinder depicted in Figure 4.2 is based on two assumptions ... 

At zero time, the height and radius of the cylinder are L and p, respectively, Figure 4.2. After time t the height of the cylinder decreases to L and its radius to p assuming Case II drug transport for both axial and radial release. The decrease rate of radius p and height L of the cylinder it can be written... 

Figure 4.2 Case II drug transport with axial and radial release from a cylinder of height 2L and radius p at t = 0. Drug release takes place from all sides of the big cylinder. The drug mass is contained in the grey region. After time t the height of the cylinder is reduced to 2L and its radius to p (small cylinder).

This equation describes the entire fractional release curve for Case II drug transport with axial and radial release from a cylinder. Again, (4.10) indicates that the smaller dimension of the cylinder p or L) determines the total duration of the phenomenon. When p> L, (4.10) can be approximated by... 

Figure 4.3 Fractional drug release q(t) /qoo vs. time (arbitrary units) for Case II transport with axial and radial release from a cylinder. Comparison of the solutions presented by (4.10) with k0 = 0.01, cq = 0.5, p = 1, L = 2.5 (dashed line) and (4.12) with k = 0.052 (solid line).

FIGURE 10 Effect of bethanechol on memory in lesioned rats. Be-thanechol was released from PCPP-SA 50 50 implanted intracerebrally in rats. The effect of the bethanechol released on the performance of lesioned rats in a radial maze test was performed as described in the text. 

There may be radial temperature gradients in the reactor that arise from the interaction between the energy released by reaction, heat transfer through the walls of the tube, and convective transport of energy. This factor is the greatest potential source of disparities between the predictions of the model and what is observed for real systems. The deviations are most significant in nonisothermal packed bed reactors. 

In Fig. 18, flow path lines are shown in a perspective view of the 3D WS. By displaying the path lines in a perspective view, the 3D structure of the field, and of the path lines, becomes more apparent. To create a better view of the flow field, some particles were removed. For Fig. 18, the particles were released in the bottom plane of the geometry, and the flow paths are calculated from the release point. From the path line plot, we see that the diverging flow around the particle-wall contact points is part of a larger undulating flow through the pores in the near-wall bed structure. Another flow feature is the wake flow behind the middle particle in the bottom near-wall layer. It can also be seen that the fluid is transported radially toward the wall in this wake flow. 

In Fig. 25b, the simulated marker particles were released from the bottom surface, which generates path lines that show more detail of the flow inside the WS, at lower radial coordinate values. The path lines reinforce the trends seen in Fig. 25a, and it is also possible to see some evidence of flow through the center voids of the particles. Most evident is the mix of spiraling and axial flow between the center front and center right particles. 

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