Quasi-closed

Dppf is commonly seen in its chelating or bridging state. Of special interest is the quasi-closed bridging system of dppf complexes, Re2(/r-OMe)2(CO)6(/r-dppf) [33] and Rh2(yU-S-tBu)2(CO)2(/r-dppf), 2 [34], in which the sterically demanding dppf ligand coexists with two bridging ligands of much smaller size. Comparison of the... 

Ag2(A -C6H5C02)2(/t-dppl) quasi-closed bridge anticlinal (staggered) —... 

Rh2 (/2-S- Bu)2 (C0)2 (/2-dppf) quasi-closed bridge gauche eclipsed 72... 

Ag2(/t-CH3C02)(/t3-CH3C02)(/t-dppf)]2 quasi-closed bridge gauche eclipsed 88.8... 

Rej (/t-OMe)2 (CO)6(/t-dppf) quasi-closed bridge gauche eclipsed 85.9(5)... 

From the foregoing, it can be seen that the amount of silica annually fixed by marine organisms (ca. 25 Pg y ) is approximately balanced by the amount annually dissolved from their siliceous tests (ca. 24 Pgy" ). Moreover, these quantities exceed by more than an order of magnitude the yearly amounts of silica contributed to the world ocean from external sources (rivers, interstitial waters, etc.) or removed from it by burial in marine sediments (Heath, 1974 Wollast, 1974). Thus, it is apparent not only that the marine silica cycle is biologically controlled, but also that the biological subcycle of the marine silica cycle acts as a quasi-closed system. 

Dppf is commonly seen in its chelating or bridging state. Of special interest is the quasi-closed bridging system of dppf complexes, Re2( -OMe)2(CO)6(/r-dppf)... 

Fe3(/i3-S)2(CO)2(/r-dppf) quasi-closed bridge gauched eclipsed 80.4(5)... 

After draining of the SG, only a thin film of sodium lays on the tubes external walls and on the shell internal wall. In the lower part of the superheater modules bulky sodium residues (until 5 cm thickness-65 g/sleeve) may be present in the 7 thermal protective sleeves around the tubes (Fig. 2). These sleeves are quasi closed spaces with a reduced annular gap less than 2 mm large. 

From the outset one must remark that, in order to make a fair comparison between synchronous aromatic) pathways and possible asynchronous pathways, it is essential to be able to treat bi-radicaloid and and quasi-closed shell structures in a balanced way. In practise this implies that MC-SCF and multi-reference Cl is necessary. With SCF, one will always obtain the result that the synchronous pathway is preferred We shall use as benchmark the cycloaddition of two ethylene molecules where the use 4 active orbitals and 4 active electrons is obviously correct. It is not immediately obvious that this is possible for the other two reactions. For example, the Diels Alder reaction of butadiene... 

Another important problem in using iron oxide solubility data which were obtained in laboratory experiments is caused by the fact that such experiments usually are conducted in a closed system under equilibrium conditions, whereas the primary circuit represents a quasi-closed system in which the coolant passes regions of different temperatures in very short time intervals. If reaching the solubility equilibrium is a slow process compared to the flow rate of the coolant (which... 

New operating techniques (e.g., flow methods). in combination with modern instrumental methods, enable the separation and enrichment processes to be automated in quasi-closed systems, and have contributed substantially to the increasing establishment of such composite methods in trace-analytical practice [3]. 

Oxygen Solid Electrolyte Coulometry in Quasi-Closed Systems... 

Oxygen solid electrolyte coulometry in quasi-closed systems is understood at first the complete isolation of the material to be investigated in a minimal chamber with gas-dense solid electrolyte wall attached out- and inside with electrochemical active electrodes. Then oxygen can only be admitted to the chamber or removed from it quantitatively by coulometric titration. The chamber can be made completely (Fig. 2) or partly of solid electrolyte material. Current (lei) and potential (Uei) electrodes are insulated from each other with gas-dense high temperature glass (HTG) layer, so titration current and voltage are simultaneously measurable at this construction of the cell. 

Entrained pores are quasi-closed and even in a completely saturated matrix are not entirely filled with water, but they are available for expansion when water is freezing. This is the reason why entrained pores considerably decrease all detrimental results of frost-thaw cycles. 

Flerovium, like Cn, was in this sense of particular interest due to the relativistic stabilization of the 7pi/2 AOs resulting in the quasi-closed shell 7s 7pf/2 ground state and, therefore, inaccessibility of these electrons for chemical bonding. The arguments of Pitzer, similar to those used for Cn, namely, that the pf/2 p promotion energy to the metal valence state of FI will not be compensated by the metal-metal bond formation, led to the conclusion that this element should be a relatively inert gas, or a volatile liquid bound by van der Waals forces [200]. 

Fig. 1.2. Behaviour of one representative macrovariable jcj in the case a) of a quasi-closed subdynamics for macrovariables. (—) Selected paths Xi t) of the...

In case a) the already mentioned quasi-closed self-contained quasi-deter-ministic subdynamics of macrovariables is obtained. 

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