Quantum optics state generation

We can treat FD quantum-optical states as those of a real single-mode electromagnetic field, which fulfill the condition of truncated Fock expansion. These states can directly be generated by the truncation schemes (the quantum scissors) proposed by Pegg et al. [44] and then generalized by other authors [45-47]. Alternatively, one can analyze states obtained by a direct truncation of operators rather then of their Fock expansion. Such an operator truncation scheme, proposed by Leonski et al. [48-50], will be discussed in detail in the next chapter [51]. 

W. Leonski and A. Miranowicz, Quantum-optical states in finite-dimensional Hilbert space. II. State generation, Chapter 4, this volume. 

QUANTUM-OPTICAL STATES IN FINITE-DIMENSIONAL HILBERT SPACE II. STATE GENERATION... 

The method described in the previous sections can be easily generalized to be useful for generation of various FD quantum-optical states different from the FD coherent state. Thus, we shall show an example of how to adapt our method to generate the FD squeezed vacuum [10]. In the first part of this work [see Eq. (78) in Ref. 1], we have defined the (,v + 1)-dimensional generalized squeezed vacuum to be... 

We have discussed one of the possible methods of generation of the FD quantum-optical states. Although, it is possible to generate n-photon Fock states... 

A more far-reaching phenomenon is the possibility of generating radiation in "squeezed" states [4.19]. Such radiation exhibits reduced noise below the quantum limit and could have important applications for optical communication and precision interferometric measurements of small displacements, e.g. in gravity-wave detection experiments. A considerable degree of "squeezing" has recently been experimentally demonstrated [4.20, 21]. Various aspects of modern quantum optics have been discussed in [4. 22-25]. 

We present here a condensed explanation and summary of the effects. A complete discussion can be found in a paper by Hellen and Axelrod(33) which directly calculates the amount of emission light gathered by a finite-aperture objective from a surface-proximal fluorophore under steady illumination. The effects referred to here are not quantum-chemical, that is, effects upon the orbitals or states of the fluorophore in the presence of any static fields associated with the surface. Rather, the effects are "classical-optical," that is, effects upon the electromagnetic field generated by a classical oscillating dipole in the presence of an interface between any media with dissimilar refractive indices. Of course, both types of effects may be present simultaneously in a given system. However, the quantum-chemical effects vary with the detailed chemistry of each system, whereas the classical-optical effects are more universal. Occasionally, a change in the emission properties of a fluorophore at a surface may be attributed to the former when in fact the latter are responsible. 

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