Quadruplexes in the Genome

Both papers which calculated the total numbers of PQS in the genome used the non-overlapping definition, which is equivalent to the maximum number of quadruplexes that could form at any given time. They gave very similar results, reporting that there are around 376,000 PQS in the genome (375,157 and 376,446 exactly). 

In this chapter, I will first consider exactly how one defines a PQS, and then outline some of the specific quadruplex-forming sequences that have been identified. I will highlight the proteins that have been shown to interact specifically with quadruplexes. I will then discuss the physiological roles that PQS in general could play. Lastly, I will discuss the genome-wide studies that have been performed to date. The chapter then ends with some proposed future directions for this field. 

Insulin binding to the G-quadruplex formed by a sequence of two of the tandem ILPR repeats, hereinafter referred to as ILPR2, was studied using both the affinity CE and affinity MALDI-MS techniques described above. It is important to note that the surface-immobilized DNA that is intrinsic to both capture schemes is a more realistic model for G-quadruplexes in genomic DNA than would be provided by free DNA in solutions, since G-quadruplexes in genomic DNA would be anchored in the chromosomal strand. 

Genus Euonymus Chemical and phamiacological perception 12MR0341. G-Quadruplex structures in the human genome as novel therapeutic targets 13MOL12368. 

Huppert JL, Balasubramanian S (2007) G-quadruplexes in promoters throughout the human genome. Nucleic Acids Res. 35 406 13... 

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