Pyrazine Amides

The only other type noted concerned the photocyclization of the unsaturated pyrazine amide (425) to (426) with subsequent selenium dioxide aromatization (72CPB2264). 

The initial phase must contain three or more of the following drugp isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazin-amide, along with either ethambutol or streptomycin. The CDC recommends treatment to begin as soon as possible after the diagnosis of tuberculosis. The treatment recommendation regimen is for the administration of rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide for a minimum of 2 months (8 weeks), followed by rifampin and isoniazid for 4 months (16 weeks) in areas with a low incidence of tuberculosis. In areas of high incidence of tuberculosis, the CDC recommends the addition of streptomycin or ethambutol for the first 2 months. 

This chapter will discuss the following primary aiititubercular drugp ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazin-amide, rifampin, and streptomycin. Other primary and secondary drugp are listed in the Summary Drug Table Aiititubercular Drugp. 

In another study, ammonia fixation of N-labeled ammonium hydroxide with Suwannee River fiilvic acid, IHHS peat and leonardite humic acid were examined by solution NMR with the application of INEPT and DEPT pulse sequences.(23) Similar reaction of ammonia with all three samples is reported. Most of the nitrogen incorporated seems to be in the form of indole and pyrrole followed by pyridine, pyrazine, amide and aminohydroquinone nitrogen. The authors also suggest a possible reaction mechanism to explain the formation of the heterocyclic compounds identified in the spectra. They also claimed that these results need to be substantiated through further work with model compounds and experiments with the reaction conditions, i.e., in which phenols will undergo oxidation to quinones when reacted with ammonia. 

Coordination chemistry with pyridine/pyrazine amide ligands. Some noteworthy results 13CCR350. 

Important for good catalyst performance is the choice of the ligand as well as the substituents at the tetrahydropyrazine. Surprisingly, the same catalyst was also able to hydrogenate a corresponding pyrazine amide with ee values up... 

In this chapter, the application of a variety of catalysts for different am-moxidation reaetions was discussed in detail. Special focus was given to two industrially important reactions such as i) ammoxidation of picolines (all the three isomers) and ii) ammoxidation of 2MP. The nitrile products of these two specified ammoxidation reactions are not only important from commercial point of view but also present opportunities for academic research. This report also deals with pharmaceutical chemicals (e.g., TB treatment using pyrazin-amide). 

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