Pumps cogeneration system

Kato, Y., Y. Sasaki, and Y. Yoshizawa, 2005. Magnesium oxide/water chemical heat pump to enhance energy utilization of a cogeneration system, Energy, 30 (11-12), 2144-2155. 

The current technological status of small (0.5-5 kWe) PEM, SOFC, AFC and PAFC fuel cell stationary units, was recently reviewed by Staffed et al. (2007) (Table 3.12). The system efficiency refers to electrical losses of the fuel-cell system (fans, pumps, control) and the current conditioning unit (transformer, inverter), while total efficiency refers to both electrical power and heat cogeneration. Cost estimations refer to mass-produced fuel-cell systems according to today s state-of-the-art manufacture technologies and materials, while current retail prices of demonstration fuel-cell systems are in the range of 10,000-100,000 / kWe (Staffed et al., 2007). 

---