Pulse voltage method

Tobita, T. and Takasago, H., New trimming technology of a thick film resistor by the pulse voltage method, IEEE Transactions on CHMT, Vol. 14, No. 3, September 1991. 

Measurement of Drift Velocity Using Pulse Voltage Method. 88... 

Figure 19.9—Stripping voltammetry. The figure shows voltage programming of the working electrode and an example of a determination by differential pulse polarography methods (DPP).

Electrochemical STM nanofabrication techniques usually involve either localized etching (dissolution), or plating (deposition) on the surface via a sharp STM tip. The first demonstration of nanostructuring was reported by Penner s group. They fabricated silver and copper nanoclusters of 20-50 nm wide and 1-7 nm high at predetennined position in the deposition process. In addition to metal clusters the deposition method was used to fabricate nano-sized polyaniline. The authors used a pulse voltage technique and fabricated polyaniline spots 10-60 run in diameter and 1-20 run in height. 

An efficient method to decrease the machining over-cut involves adding abrasive particles into the electrolyte [133] or the use a pulsed voltage supply. At the same time surface roughness is decreased and can reach values below 1 pm. 

The extraction TOF method can be done using either pulsed or constant voltage sources to the acceleration and repeller grids of a Wiley-McClaren TOF-MS. The first extraction TOF experiments were Mons and Dimicoli [56] on N02 photodissociation using constant voltage sources. Later, Black and Powis [88] used a similar extraction TOF technique, also with constant voltage sources, in order to study CH,I photolysis reactions. Most subsequent experimentalists have used pulsed voltage sources. 

The resistor performance like long-time stability or TCR does not depend only on the pulse voltage. The energy of the pulses must be carefully selected. Pulses with appropriate energy can act as an aging process. HVP-trimmed resistors often exhibit a better stability and TCR compared to untrimmed ones. Advantages and applications of EHVP trimming method are ... 

The problem of pulse voltage technique can be approached in one of two equivalent ways. The first method involves the transmission line approach which considers the channel as an infinite resistance-capacitance ladder. The current flowing through the channel divides up into these two branches at every point, one that charges up... 

In Chap. 4, Debarshi Basu and Ananth Dodabalapur drift velocity and drift mobility measurements in organic field effect transistors. A method is introduced which is based on the time-of-fiight of an electron swarm injected into the channel by a voltage pulse. The method also grants an improved understanding of the injection process, the basic working mechanism of an organic transistor, and the nature of trap distributions. 

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