Pulp Fiber Suspensions

The discovery of turbulent drag reduction due to particle suspensions goes back to the 1930s. Forest and Grierson (3) reported the turbulent drag reduction in pipe flow of wood-pulp fiber suspensions of water. Vanoni (4) observed that water with suspended sand flowed more rapidly in an open channel. Toms (5) and Mysels (6) independently observed the striking reduction in turbulent drag in pipe flows... 

S. Zauscher S in "Pulp fiber suspension rheology", Material Science Madison, Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, (2000). 

Chen, B, Tatsumi, D., Matsumoto, T. 2002. Floe Structure and Flow Properties of Pulp Fiber Suspensions. /, Soc. Rheol, fpn. 30 (1) 19-25 Dedegil, M.Y. 1987. Drag Coefficient and Settling Velocity of Particles in Non-Newtonian Suspensions. Journal of Fluids Engineering 109 (3) 319-323. 

PULP FIBER SUSPENSIONS 20-3.1 Pulp Suspension Mixing... 

Bennington, C. P. J., and J. P. Mmbaga (1996). The use of mixing-sensitive chemical reactions for the study of mixing in pulp fiber suspensions, in Mixed Flow Hydrodynamics Advances in Engineering Fluid Mechanics, N. P. Cheremisinoff, ed.. Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX. 

As mentioned earlier, suspensions of particulate rods or fibers are almost always non-Brownian. Such fiber suspensions are important precursors to composite materials that use fiber inclusions as mechanical reinforcement agents or as modifiers of thermal, electrical, or dielectrical properties. A common example is that of glass-fiber-reinforced composites, in which the matrix is a thermoplastic or a thermosetting polymer (Darlington et al. 1977). Fiber suspensions are also important in the pulp and paper industry. These materials are often molded, cast, or coated in the liquid suspension state, and the flow properties of the suspension are therefore relevant to the final composite properties. Especially important is the distribution of fiber orientations, which controls transport properties in the composite. There have been many experimental and theoretical studies of the flow properties of fibrous suspensions, which have been reviewed by Ganani and Powell (1985) and by Zimsak et al. (1994). 

G. G. Duffy, S. N. Kazi, X. D. Chen, Pulp fiber quality measurement from flowing wood pulp fibre suspensions. Das Papier 2002,... 

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