Pseudomonas aeruginosa tetracyclines

MexC/MexD/Opr J RND Pseudomonas aeruginosa Chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones, tetracycline, trimethroprim, triclosan... 

Various parts of M. oleifera are identified for innumerable pharmacological properties viz. antimicrobial activity (12, 134). The juice from the leaves and stem bark of M. oleifera inhibit Staphylococcus aureus but not Escherichia coli (50). The fresh leaf juice inhibits the growth of pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus (21, 143). The bark extract possesses anti-fungal and anti-tubercular activity (50). Niaziridin rich fraction of M. oleifera pods enhances the bioactivity of commonly used antibiotics such as rifampicin, tetracycline and ampicillin against gram(+) and (-) bacteria (37). 

Peng X, Xu C, Rert H, Lin X, Wu L, Wang S. Proteomie analysis of the sarcosirte-irtsoluble outer membrane fractiort of Pseudomonas aeruginosa respondirtg to ampicilin, kartamycirt, artd tetracycline resistarrce. J Proteome Res. 2005 4 2257-65. 

The key point is that increasing evidence for co-resistance and cross-resistance between quaternary ammonium compounds and most antibiotics on the market (such as beta-lactams, chloramphenicol, fusidic acid, macrolides, quinolones, tetracyclines) has been found in many pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli. Listeria monocytogenes. Salmonella spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It seems reasonable to assume that resistance may also be present in many more species. The efflux pumps that confer resistance in these organisms can be encoded in plasmids or chromosomally. 

Sykes and Richmond [151] reported on strains of Ps. aeruginosa carrying extrachromosomal resistance to tetracycline which can be transferred to other strains of Ps. aeruginosa and strains of E. coli. The R factor carrying pseudomonas strains showed a 100-fold increase in resistance to tetracycline over the R strain. However, the resistance mechanism was not investigated. 

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