Prymnesiophytes

Schmidt, L.E. and Hansen, P.J. (2001). Allelopathy in the prymnesiophyte Chrysochromulina polylepis Effects of cell concentration, growth phase and pH. Marine Ecology Progress Series 216 67-81. 

Data from three separate phytoplankton genera, two prymnesiophyte and one dinoflagellate, indicated that this mechanism may be more general than previously realized (88). The L-amino acid oxidase pathway is related to ammonia uptake and is not light dependent. Thus, this mechanism represents a possible light-independent source of H202. The results reported by Palenik and Morel (88) demonstrated that the addition of 1-5 xM amino acids to cultures results in the fonnation of H202. As yet these experiments have not been extended to natural waters, and the relative contribution of... 

Diatoms, some prymnesiophytes, some freshwater chrysophytes, raphidophytes Most diatoms, dinoflagellates, prymnesiophytes, raphidophytes, cryptophytes Some prymnesiophytes, one chrysophyte, several diatoms and dinoflagellates One prasinophyte Some prymnesiophytes... 

Diadinoxanthin Diatoms, dinollagellates, prymnesiophytes, chrysophytes, raphidophytes, euglenophytes Jeffrey et al. (1997)... 

Hexanoyloxyfucoxanthina Prymnesiophytes, several dinollagellates Arpin et al. (1976) Bjprnland and Liaaen-Jensen (1989)... 

Louisiana coast (Dortch and Whitledge, 1992). Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been linked with decreases in the Si N and Si P ratios (Smayda, 1990 Anderson et al., 2002 Ragueneau et al., 2005a,b), many of the more common bloom species consist of toxic dinoflagellates (Steidinger and Baden, 1984), prymnesiophytes (Lancelot et ah, 1987), and certain diatom species (e.g., Pseudo-nitzchia australis) (Scholln et ah, 2000). 

Fig. 1 Maximum-likelihood phytogeny (fastD-NAml) of 17 Phaeocystis species/strains and other prymnesiophytes inferred from 18S rDNA. The class Pavlovophyceae was used as outgroup. Bootstrap values are placed on the nodes that are identical from ML/NJ/MP analyses. The scale bar corresponds to two base changes per 100 nucleotides. Redrawn from Lange et al. (2002)...

Baumann MEM, Brandini FP, Staubes R (1993) The influ-cence of light and temperature on carbon specific DMS-release by cultures of Phaeocystis antarctica and three Antarctic diatoms. Mar Chem 45 56-78 Baumann MEM, Lancelot C, Brandini FP, Sakshaug E, John DM (1994) The taxonomic identity of the cosmopolitan prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis a morphological and ecophysiological approach. J Mar Syst 5 23-39 Buma AGJ, Bano N, Veldhuis MJW, Kraay GW (1991) Comparison of the pigmentation of two strains of the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis sp. Neth J Sea Res 27 173-182... 

Methods used to reveal genetic diversity in the colony-forming prymnesiophytes Phaeocystis antarctica, P. globosa and P. pouchetii—preliminary results... 

Baumann MEM, Lancelot C, Brandini FP, Sakshaug E, John DM (1994) The taxonomic identity of the cosmopolitan prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis a morphological and ecophysiological approach. In Lancelot C, Wassmann P (eds) Ecology of Phaeocystis-domimLted ecosystems. J Mar Syst 5 5-22... 

Dutz J, Koski M (2006) Trophic significance of solitary cells of the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis globosa depends on cell type. Limnol Oceanogr 51(3) 1230-1238 Dutz J, Klein Breteler WCM, Kramer G (2005) Inhibition... 

Haemolytic activity correlated with P. pouchetii numbers and was absent during the preceding diatom bloom. Samples containing live P. pouchetii cells showed the highest activity, while filtered sea water and cell extracts were less haemolytic or without effect. Dose-response curves were linear up to 70% lysis, and haemolysis in samples containing live P. pouchetii cells reached EC50 values comparable to known toxic prymnesiophytes (1.9 107 cells l-1). Haemolytic activity was enhanced by increased temperature and light. The results indicate that unprotected and thus presumably vulnerable cells present in a P. pouchetii bloom may lyse within days. 

Keywords Allelopathy Chemical defence Prymnesiophyte PUFA PUA... 

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