Proton Conduction in Biology

Tittmann), dihydrofolate reductase (Ch. 17 by Benkovic and Hammes-Schiffer), hydrolases (Ch. 18 by Stein), and vitamin Bj2 enzymes (Ch. 19 by Banerjee, Truhlar, Dybala-Defratyka, and Paneth). The volume is the closed by a one-chapter Part V on proton conduction in biology, in which Gutman and Nachliel (Ch. 20) treat the subject of proton conductance at protein surfaces and interfacial regions. 

Proton Transfer and Proton Conductivity in Condensed Matter Environment. In Isotope Effects in the Biological and Chemical Sciences, A. Kohen, H. H. Limbach (Eds.) Taylor Erancis, Boca Raton EL, 2005, Ch. 26, pp. 691-724. 

M. Eckert and G. Zundel, Energy surfaces and proton polarizability of hydrogen-bonded chains An ab initio treatment with respect to the charge conduction in biological systems, J. Phys. Chem., 92 (1988) 7016. 

That is, the H-bonded network provides a natural route for rapid transport. This phenomenon of proton jumping thus occurs with little actual movement of the water molecules themselves. Ice has an electrical conductivity close to that of water because such proton jumps also readily occur even when the water molecules are fixed in a crystal lattice. Such conduction of protons via H-bonded networks has been offered as an explanation for a number of rapid proton transfers of biological significance. 

The mobility of protons in water is 5-8 times greater than that of other cations.125 This phenomenon is thought to be very important for proton permeation through bio-membranes in biological organisms.126 It is also assumed that this warrants a high conductivity of Nafion series membranes that consist of nanoscale... 

The explanation for biological enzyme conduction in enzyme oxidore-ductases is not yet known, and could be an electron or proton transfer. However, there is no doubt that there is charge transfer from the cathodic to the anodic points. 

Figure 2 Properties in polyphosphazenes are determined hy (1) the backbone bonds that control the inherent flexibility of the polymer via their influence on bond torsional freedom, and also provide photo-and thermo-oxidative stahihty (2) the side groups control polymer solubility, reactivity, thermal stability, crystallinity, cross-linking, and (indirectly) polymer flexibility (3) free volume between the side groups affects polymer motion, solvent penetration, membrane behavior, and density (4) functional groups (usually introduced hy secondary reactions) affect soluhihty, biological behavior, proton conduction, cross-hnking, and many other properties...

Role of Water in Proton Conductance across Model and Biological Membranes... 

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