Proteins, chemical synthesis lipidation

This subject has been of continuing interest for several reasons. First, the present concepts of the chemical constitution of such important biopolymers as cellulose, amylose, and chitin can be confirmed by their adequate chemical synthesis. Second, synthetic polysaccharides of defined structure can be used to study the action pattern of enzymes, the induction and reaction of antibodies, and the effect of structure on biological activity in the interaction of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipides with polyhydroxylic macromolecules. Third, it is anticipated that synthetic polysaccharides of known structure and molecular size will provide ideal systems for the correlation of chemical and physical properties with chemical constitution and macromolecular conformation. Finally, synthetic polysaccharides and their derivatives should furnish a large variety of potentially useful materials whose properties can be widely varied these substances may find new applications in biology, medicine, and industry. 

The discovery of split inteins further advanced the scope of EPL into the realm of conditional protein splicing. As outlined above, certain inteins can be split into two halves. An advantage for a general applicability concerns the observation that the split site is asymmetric. This opens an access to chemical synthesis of the smaller intein half and hence an easy route to C-terminal modification of proteins with, e.g., fluorophores, lipid anchor, or other posttranslational modifications of proteins. 

Chemical Synthesis and Biological Function of Lipidated Proteins... 

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