Protein serum albumin

Plasma protein fractions include human plasma protein fraction 5% and normal serum albumin 5% (Albuminar-5, Buminate 5%) and 25% (Albuminar-25, Buminate 25%). Plasma protein fraction 5% is an IV solution containing 5% human plasma proteins. Serum albumin is obtained from donated whole blood and is a protein found in plasma The albumin fraction of human blood acts to maintain plasma colloid osmotic pressure and as a carrier of intermediate metabolites in the transport and exchange of tissue products. It is critical in regulating the volume of circulating blood. When blood is lost from shock, such as in hemorrhage, there is a reduced plasma volume. When blood volume is reduced, albumin quickly restores the volume in most situations. 

Douglas et al. [98] have measured protein (serum albumin, ovalbumin, and hemoglobin) mobilities over a range of pH values using a free-flow electrophoresis apparatus and a particle electrophoresis apparatus. They found good agreement between the two measurements however, they also found some differences between their measurements and those reported in the older literature. They attributed the differences to the use of moving-boundary electrophoresis methods in the early experimental work and to differences in... 

Antibodies, with half-lives measured in days, are among the most stable natural proteins, far more stable than larger proteins (MW > 150kDa), which have half-lives measured in minutes or seconds. Indeed, the stability of IgG is comparable to the best-conserved major plasma protein, serum albumin (Table 10.2). 

As hormone-sensitive lipase hydrolyzes triacylglyc-erol in adipocytes, the fatty acids thus released (free fatty acids, FFA) pass from the adipocyte into the blood, where they bind to the blood protein serum albumin. This protein (Mv 66,000), which makes up about half of the total serum protein, noncovalently binds as many as 10 fatty acids per protein monomer. Bound to this soluble protein, the otherwise insoluble fatty acids are carried to tissues such as skeletal muscle, heart, and renal cortex. In these target tissues, fatty acids dissociate from albumin and are moved by plasma membrane transporters into cells to serve as fuel. 

Major plasma proteins serum albumin, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), immunoglobulins (hundreds of kinds), fibrinogen, prothrombin, many specialized transport proteins such as transferrin... 

For the small, rapidly diffusing K+ ion, we expect 100 000 plates. For the slowly diffusing protein serum albumin (FM 65 000), we expect more than 3 million plates. High plate count means that bands are very narrow and resolution between adjacent bands is excellent. 

This method is based on the accessibility of the pores in the stationary phase for 99mrpc-iabeled molecules of different molecular sizes. The sample is eluted from a vertical column packed with porous beads of the gel by gravity or low pressure. Smaller Tc species penetrate the pores and are retained on the column, while larger molecules are excluded and are therefore rapidly eluted from the column. This separation technique has particular application for macromolecules, proteins (serum albumin, immunoglobulins [e.g., monoclonal antibodies and their fragments]), but has also been used for separation of small-molecular-weight Tc-diphosphonate complexes. 

Protein. Serum albumin concentration is a widely u.sed but insensitive indicator... 

Table III. Comparison of Hydrodynamic Parameters for a Cellulolytic Enzyme from Myrotbecium verrucaria (78), a Globular Protein, Serum Albumin, and an Elongated Rod-shaped Protein, Tropomyosin...

Immunoaffinity measurement of drug concentration. At therapeutic levels in blood, 90% of the antiepileptic drug phenytoin is bound to the protein serum albumin. The unbound 10% is thought to be the active form of the drug. Free phenytoin can be measured with a thin-layer (0.94 mm tall X 2.1 mm diameter) affinity column at 37°C containing antiphenytoin antibodies covalently bound to silica. 

Approximately 35% of the serum calcium is bound to protein. Serum albumins are twice as effective (10.5 moles of calcium bound to 10 grams) as globulins (5.6 moles of calcium bound to 10 grams) in the chelating calcium. 

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