Protein clinical study

An overall osteoprotective effect is associated with soy diets, the major active component being the isoflavones although the contribution (if any) of soy protein has to be clarified. The spine, rather than the femur, appears to be the most consistently protected bone site. The average daily intake in Japanese women is around 50 mg/day and appears to be sufficient to have a long-term protective effect on the spine. In non-Asian, postmenopausal women, the demonstrated effective dose is 80-90 mg/day. In future clinical studies, investigating the effect of isoflavones on bone metabolism, larger scale, randomized, controlled, intervention trials for longer time periods (1-3 years) will be necessary with a standardized source of soy protein/isoflavones and... 

The original proposal of the approach, supported by a Monte Carlo simulation study [36], has been further validated with both pre-clinical [38, 39] and clinical studies [40]. It has been shown to be robust and accurate, and is not highly dependent on the models used to fit the data. The method can give poor estimates of absorption or bioavailability in two sets of circumstances (i) when the compound shows nonlinear pharmacokinetics, which may happen when the plasma protein binding is nonlinear, or when the compound has cardiovascular activity that changes blood flow in a concentration-dependent manner or (ii) when the rate of absorption is slow, and hence flip-flop kinetics are observed, i.e., when the apparent terminal half-life is governed by the rate of drug input. 

Beta-1, beta-2, and beta-3 adrenergic receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors. Beta-1 and beta-2 receptors mediate the positive inotropic, chronotropic, and dro-motropic effects of the endogenous catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine. The beta-3 subtype seems to play a role in regulating thermogenesis and lipid mobilization in brown and white adipose tissue. Several coding and promoter polymorphisms of these receptors have been identified. Clinical studies in asthma... 

Some types of mushrooms contain moderate quantities of good-quality protein and are good sources of dietary fiber, vitamins C and B, and minerals (Breene 1990). Extensive clinical studies have demonstrated that some species have medicinal and therapeutic value, by injection or oral administration, in the prevention/treatment of... 

The advent of recombinant DNA technology led to the development of antibodies and fragments that are tailored for optimal behaviour in vivo [7,8]. Humanized and chimeric antibodies can be constructed to circumvent the human anti-mouse antibody response elicited by mouse antibody treatment of patients, which severely hampers the application of these powerful molecules. The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis patients with doses of as high as 10 mg kg cA2 chimeric antibody specific for TNFa [9], emphasizes that at present the production and purification methods for these proteins have been optimized to such extent that clinical studies can be considerably intensified. 

In clinical studies, compositions are often described in terms of mass of substance per unit volume. For example, normal adult blood glucose levels typically range between 70 and 110 mg/dl. While these numbers have great utility in clinical studies, they are less useful in assessing the action of the metabolite with other proteins and systems. Thus, it is valuable to provide the concentration term as well in these reports. 

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