Protein cages surface modification

The second category of the viral templates discussed here are spheroidal plant viruses, most of which have icosahedral symmetry. In this section, we first describe the fundamental characteristics of two representative viruses that have been widely enlisted cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) and CCMV. We then discuss endeavors to functionalize the surfaces of these viral nanoparticles by both chemical and genetic modifications that mirror the ones utilized for TMV. Finally, efforts to harness a range of inner cavity sizes, perhaps the most unique feature of this class of viral assemblies, from various spheroidal viruses and protein cages for the synthesis of precisely controlled nanoparticles are described. 

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