Prostate carcinoma, androgen-dependent

Prostatic carcinoma (advanced, androgen-dependent) - 30 mg or more every 1 or 2 weeks. 

Another therapeutic role for estrogens is in the treatment of cancer. In androgen-dependent prostate carcinoma, estrogens are used therapeutically to suppress androgen formation and thus tumor growth. Estrogens are also used to treat inoperable breast cancer in men and postmenopausal women. However, antiestrogens, such as tamoxifen, have fewer side effects and are usually preferred (see section 5.8.4). 

Prostate carcinoma is the most common cancer in men in the United States. Approximately 180,400 new cases were diagnosed in 2000, with 31,900 deaths as a result of the disease. Prostate cancers typically begin with androgen-dependent lesions, but the cancer usually becomes androgen-independent when the disease is advanced. It has been shown, for example, that androgen-independent LAPC-4 prostate cancer sublines express a higher level of HER-2 than that expressed by their androgen-dependent counterparts (Carter et al., 2001). 

Androgen-dependent carcinoma. Diethylstilbestrol (stilboestrol) is rarely used to treat prostate cancer because of its adverse effects. It is occasionally used in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Toxicity is common. 

Prostate carcinoma is the second leading cause of death as a result of cancer in men in the Western world. Evidence shows that androgens can be risk factors for prostate cancer development. Androgen action in many organs, such as prostate and skin, is dependent on the conversion of testosterone (T) by a NADPH-dependent 5a-reduc-... 

The experimental systems of special interest which are responsive to this alkaloid are X- 63 plasma cell myeloma, a model system of multiple myeloma in manj Shionogi carcinoma ll5 an androgen-dependent tumor, potentially a model system for prostatic cancer the C-114 98 myelogenous leukemia which is nonresponsive to any of the clinically useful chemotherapeutic agents. 

V4. Van Laar, J. H., Berrevoets, C. A., Trapman, J., Zegers, N. D., and Brinkmann, A. O., Hormone-dependent androgen receptor phosphorylation is accompanied by receptor transformation in human lymph node carcinoma of the prostate cells. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 3734-3738 (1991). 

It has been known for some time that the growth of tumors of primary or secondary sex organs, such as ovaries, breast, and prostate, are dependent on the estrogen and/or androgenic hormones associated with them to a significant degree. This is because carcinomas of these organs continue to exhibit the hormonal requirements of the tissues from which... 

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