Properties of Active Carbons Important for Their Electrochemical Behavior

PROPERTIES OF ACTIVE CARBONS IMPORTANT FOR THEIR ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR 

Micropores, the width of which (distance between the walls of a slit-shaped pore) does not exceed 2 nm. A more precise classification would distinguish two types of micropores narrow (up to 0.7 nm) and wide (from 0.7 to 2.0 nm) [39J. 

This classification, which is not entirely arbitrary, is now widely accepted and implemented. 

The porous structure of active carbons can be characterized by various techniques adsorption of gases (Ni, Ar, Kr, CO ) [5.39] or vapors (benzene, water) [5,39] by static (volumetric or gravimetric) or dynamic methods [39] adsorption from liquid solutions of solutes with a limited solubility and of solutes that are completely miscible with the solvent in all proportions [39] gas chromatography [40] immersion calorimetry [3,41J flow microcalorimetry [42] temperature-programmed desorption [43] mercury porosimetry [36,41] transmission electron microscopy (TEM) [44] and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [44] small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) [44] x-ray diffraction (XRD) [44]. 

Carbons with a low oxygen content show basic properties in aqueous suspensions they have a positive surface charge and anion exchange (or proton con- 

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