Properties and Applications of Cyclic Carbonates

Organic cyclic carbonates are a class of compounds with a carbonyl flanked by two alkoxy/aryloxy groups. The most stable form is five-membered cyclic (l,3-dioxolan-2-ones) of the following general structure  

In particular, EC (R =H) and PC (R 3= H, R = CH ) have attracted great industrial interest and have been widely commercialized. 

Cyclic carbonates are colorless, odorless, and biodegradable chemicals which have found several applications as substitutes for non-environmental organic solvents and toxic chemical reagents, electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries and as intermediates in the production of many pharmaceutically 

More generally, the use of cyclic carbonate functional oligomers or polymers appears to be very promising in other numerous applications reported mainly in patents [23]. For example, PC can be used for the extraction of metals such as bismuth, cadmium, cerium, cobalt, copper, gold, iridium, iron, lead, mercury, molybdenum, palladium, rhodium, uranium, vanadium, and zinc. Due to its polarity, PC can also be used to make liquid 

Oayered mixed codde metal coddes micrc/mesostmctured material, clays) 

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