Promotion timing, factors influencing

At the same time NMR has proved particularly useful in determining factors influencing the important reaction of HI or Acl with MeOAc and understanding how different classes of promoters can affect the standing concentrations of these intermediates under process conditions. 

One can focus on almost any characteristic of water in a lake and see that the particular factor influences and is influenced by other characteristics of the same water. A profile of any given lake must take several of these factors into account. Eor example, salinity and temperature are two factors that seriously inhibit or promote life. High salinity does not favor most life other than some algal and shrimp growth. The Dead Sea, which has a salinity seven times that of seawater, has very low fertility. Temperature effects fertility both directly and indi-... 

One of the most fundamental basis of the hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites is the mineralizing role of water, which is greatly cissisted by the free OH concentration in the solution / hydrogel. Apart from this basic requirement of mineralizability, other factors like. Si / A1 molar ratio, pH of the gel, aging at lower temperature, crystallization temperature and time etc., influence the type and quality of the crystalline material in rather specific ways [1]. It is clear that the enhancement of the crystallisation rate is not much dependent of the choice of counter cation (H, Na or K) of a particular oxyanion promoter, at least for high silica... 

Many other factors influence the reduction. These include the tendency of the catalyst to agglomerate, addition of a promoting substance, synergism between two catalysts, the temperature of the reaction, the ratio of hydrogen to compound being reduced, the pressure of hydrogen gas, the preparation method, and the age of the catalyst and the number of times it has been recycled. ... 

The evaluation of carriers and catalyst compositions showed that significantly higher SO2 oxidation activity could be achieved with Cs as a promoter under the operating conditions downstream the intermediate absorption tower as demonstrated by the results in Table 1, where the activity compared to the standard product is increased by more than a factor 2. This was clearly sufficient for the introduction of VK69 to the market as a new sulphuric acid catalyst. The activity results for different melt compositions were used to optimise the vanadium content and the molar ratios of K/V, Na/V. and Cs/V. However, the choice of Cs/V was not only a question of maximum activity, because of the significant influence of the Cs content on the raw material costs (the price of caesium is 50-100 times the price of potassium on a molar basis). Here, the economic benefits obtained by the sulphuric acid producer by the marginal activity improvement at high Cs content also had to be taken into account. 

---