Progressive failures

Chronic rejection after liver transplant is rare (<3%), which is attributed to the recognition of acute rejection and the ability of the liver to regenerate itself. During chronic rejection, there is progressive failure of liver function, and humoral immune... 

Kollegal MG, Chatterjee SN, Flanagan G. Progressive failure analysis of plain weaves using damage mechanics based constitutive laws. IntJ Damage Mech 2001 10 301-23. 

Tang X, Whitcomb JD. Progressive failure behaviour of 2D woven composites. J Compos Mater 2003 37(14) 1239—59. 

Reddy YS, Reddy JN. Three-dimensional finite element progressive failure analysis of composite laminates under axial extension. J Compos Technol Res 1993 15 73-87. 

Post-first-ply failure, progressive failure of composite laminates... 

Knight Jr NF, Rankin CC, Brogan FA. STAGS computational procedure for progressive failure analysis of laminated composite structures. Int J Non-Linear Mech 2002 37(4) 833—49. 

Sleight DW. Progressive failure analysis methodology for laminated composite structures. NASA/TP-19999-209107, Washington DC, 20546-0001 1999. 

Atas A, Mohamed GF, Soutis C. Progressive failure of bolted joints in composite laminates. Plast Rubber Compos Macromol Eng 2012 41(4—5) 209—14. 

Long-term cyclic loading leads to a progressive failure whereby a few soil grains move around the fluke during each cycle of load. High safety factors of 8-10 are recommended for this loading condition. 

Viscoelastic creep manifests itself in the time-dependent deformation of a material. Experimental data obtained from a laboratory creep test under constant applied stress for a viscoelastic solid is shown in Fig. 12.1. Traditionally, a creep curve consists of three stages. In the first stage, also known as primary creep, the creep strain rate decreases with time until it reaches a constant value. The second stage, known as steady state creep, is defined as the region where the slope of the creep strain is a constant with respect to time. In the third and final stage, termed tertiary creep, the creep strain rate increases with time through progressive failure and terminates with the rupture of the specimen. 

Numerical test is an important tool for exploring concrete behavior and performance. Based on material meso-structural characters and combining random distribution theory and computational mechanics, the overall process analysis of concrete progressive failure can be achieved by the FEM method. Due to no need of the real experiment, numerical test has taken the place of traditional test gradually, and it becomes a signifieant research method... 

Ambur, D.R., Jaunky, N., and Hilburger, M.W. (2004) Progressive failure studies of stiffened panels subjected to shear loading. Composite Structures, 65, 129-142. 

Progressive failure is rapid in debris avalanches, and the whole mass, either because it is quite wet or is on a steep slope, moves downwards, often along a stream channel, and advances well beyond the foot of a slope. Debris avalanches are generally long and narrow, and frequently leave V-shaped scars tapering headwards. These gullies often become the sites of further movement. 

Romanowicz M. (2010) Progressive failure analysis of unidirectional fibre-reinforced polymers with inhomogeneous interphase and randomly distributed fibres under transverse tensile loading. Composites-Part A Applied Science and Manufacturing, 41(12), 1829-1838. 

Prefailure stage when the soil mass is still continuous. This stage is mostly controlled by progressive failure and creep. 

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