Process integration definition

FIGURE 21.1 Flow-sheet options for integration. 1 ( True ) one-pot synthesis, 2 Sequential one-pot synthesis 3 One-pot processing. For definitions see Table 21.1. Where R, R2, and P represent Reaction 1, Reaction 2, and Purification, respectively. 

In this chapter, we discuss the principles that are applied to automate the individual steps of the analytical process both in individual analyzers and in the integration of automation throughout the dinical labora.tory We provide examples of these principles as implemented in commercially available chemistry, hematology immunoassay, and nucleic acid systems point-of-care (POC) analyzers and automated specimen processing systems. Definitions of terms used in the automation of cfinical chemistry have been published by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (lUPAC). ... 

In subproject BI, the PRIME system (PRocess-Integrated Modeling Environments has been developed for the experience-based process support at technical workplaces. The usage of PRIME for a certain application domain requires the definition of executable process models relevant to the domain. Generalized work processes from chemical engineering design, represProcess Models, were used as a basis for the creation of such executable models. This transition is described in Sect. 6.2. 

The integration of the method definitions with tool models into the so-called environment metamodel that lays the foundation for the process integration of tools. 

The definition of a generic object-oriented implementation framework for the interpretation of environment model definitions by the process-integrated tools and the dynamic adaptation of their interactive behavior. 

Process integration in PRIME is based on the integration of the contextual description of the design process steps with descriptions of the tools responsible to perform these steps. A tool model is constructed in a tool modeling formalism describing its capabilities (i.e. services provided) and GUI elements (menu items, tool bars, pop-up menus etc.). Process and tool metamodels are integrated within the so-called environment metamodel (Fig. 3.3). The interpretation of environment models enables the tools to adapt their behavior to the applicable process definitions for the current process state. Thus, the user is able to better understand and control the process execution. 

The explicit definition of a tool metamodel and its integration with the contextual process metamodel, allows the formalization of the following six requirements on the APIs exposed by a tool in order to be fully process-integrable (cf. Fig. 3.4, [369, 469]) ... 

Thus, a loosely process-integrated tool is not able to provide by itself integrated method guidance based on method definitions. The guidance of the user inside the tool is restricted by the interaction patterns prescribed by its tool vendor. Nevertheless, the loose process integration of a tool can bring benefits in the following two cases ... 

Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEFO), Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS PUBS) 183, issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, December 21 (1993)... 

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