Probabilistic absorption

The probabilistic absorption model described herein [217] was based on the cylinder built in [216] that incorporates all the random heterogeneities that... 

Kaiampokis, A., Argyrakis, P., Macheras, P., A heterogeneous tube model of intestinal drug absorption based on probabilistic concepts, Pharm. Res. 1999, 16, 1764-1769. 

Ho CK (2004) Probabilistic modeling of peracutaneous absorption for risk-based exposure assessments and transdermal drug delivery. Statistical Methodology 1 47-69... 

Niwa, T. Using general regression and probabilistic neural networks to predict human intestinal absorption with topological descriptors derived from two-dimensional chemical stmctures. 

There is an inherent similarity between the spectrum and an electrochemical current-voltage curve that is important from the point of view of chemical selectivity. In both cases, the x-axis (voltage or wavelength) is directly related to the energy. In electrochemistry, this energy corresponds to the transfer of electrons between the analyte and the electrode. It is related to the standard electrochemical potential. In optical interactions, molar absorptivity is probabilistically related to the excitation energy of the molecule. 

It is most appropriate for the exposure estimates determined from acute probabilistic assessment techniques to be compared with acute single-day RfDs to determine the acceptability of such exposures. Unfortunately, since accurate acute RfDs for most pesticides have not been determined, the exposure estimates are often compared with RfDs derived from longer-term (28 to 90 days) or chronic toxicology studies. In most cases, the acute RfDs may be much higher than those obtained from longer-term studies. This is particularly important in cases where pharmacokinetic factors such as absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and excretion of a pesticide have been established and demonstrate that repeated exposure to the pesticide could cause an increase in... 

In both cases, an extra compartment is introduced the absorption or the infusion balloon compartment for the extravascular and intravascular route, respectively. To model these disposition processes, we again apply probabilistic analysis for these compartments looking for the probability p(t + At) that a particle is present at time (t + At) in that compartment. Clearly, the necessary events are that the particle is present at time t, associated with the state probability p (t) AND that it remains in the compartment during the interval from t to (t + At), associated with the conditional probability [1 — h,At. Therefore, the probability of the desired joint event may be written as... 

We report the one-compartment probabilistic transfer model receiving the drug particles by an absorption process. In this model, the elimination rate h was fixed and the absorption constant hev was random. For the stochastic context, the difference hev — h = w is assumed to follow the gamma distribution, i.e., W Gam(A, //.) with density / (w, A, //.) and E [W] =... 

The likelihood of a photon being absorbed over some infinitesimal path distance is known as the wavelength dependent absorption coefficient, (cm ). The absorption coefficient is in essence a probabilistic term that lumps the molecular absorption coefficient and chromophore concentrations together in one parameter. For light at wavelengths of >600 nm, the absorption mean free path (the mean distance a photon can travel before it is absorbed) is 2 cm. 

---