Private-public agreement

Conflicts over lease values and unit shares generally continue until late in the life of a reservoir. As primai y production nears zero, accumulated information causes public and private lease value estimates to converge, so that a consensus oti share values is possible. Without unit agreement, secondai y production from all leases may be quite limited. The timing o a consensus on lease values, however, suggests that voluntary unit agreements are more likely to be reached only after most of the common-pool losses have been inflicted on the reseiwoir. 

First, a solution should be found to the problem of the accessibility of data on the consumption and sale of medicines at the various levels of aggregation both the public data published by the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs and the private data by Intercontinental Medical Systems (IMS). We think it would be possible to reach an agreement that would safeguard the privacy of the individual, statistical secrecy and the commercial interests of the dmg... 

Private review is an agreement between the developers and the reviewers. It is a commitment, usually for the entire development process. That is another significant difference between public and private reviews. 

The NSF report also discussed one supposedly ominous symptom of the innovation decline, the well-publicized shift of private funds away from "R" and into "D." The NSF found that such a shift has indeed been taking place, but it added this inconclusive note "At present there is no general agreement as to whether this trend will have an adverse effect on the U.S. economy." (3)... 

Program maintains an in-house capability to study the malaria parasite itself, to discover, develop, and evaluate new compounds, and to develop collaborative agreements with other public organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and private pharmaceutical firms for clinical testing and potential marketing successful compounds. 

Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADA) A formal agreement between a Federal laboratory and anon-Federal party (individual, university, or private firm) in which the non-Federal party provides resources in exchange for exclusive rights to license patents that result from the collaboration. Congress gave Federal laboratories the authority to enter into CRADAs as part of the Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-502). 

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