Principle and Theory of Electrophoresis

Electrophoresis is the movement of electrically charged particles or molecules in a conductive medium under the influence of an applied electric field. The conductive medium is usually an aqueous buffer, also referred to as an electrolyte or run buffer. The mixture of analytes is introduced into the medium containing the run buffer and an electric field is applied. In the example shown in Eig. 3.1, the analyte mixture contains negatively charged molecules. Upon application of the electric field, the anions start moving towards the positive electrode (anode). Differences in charge and size lead to different mobilities and thus separation of the different sample components. Similarly, positively charged ions move towards the cathode in an applied electric field. 

The efficiency of an electrophoretic separation is governed by two main factors the electrophoretic mobility (tiep) of the analytes and the so-called electroosmotic 

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Principle and Theory of Electrophoresis of Bent or Kinked Nucleic Acids... 

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