Primary monosaccharide

Discrimination between Gal versus Man/GIc. While the ultimate selectivity of lectins is probably attained by the subsites and subunit multivalency, a major discriminatory factor in carbohydrate recognition is the primary monosaccharide specificity. In general, selectivity are achieved through a combination of hydrogen bonding to the sac-... 

Evidence is accumulating that relatively minor changes in the primary monosaccharide sequence produces changes in... 

Uronic acids are monosaccharides in which the terminal primary alcohol group is oxidized to a carboxyhc acid functional group, eg, D-glucuronic acid [6556-12-3] (11). 

Easily prepared from the appropriate monosaccharide, a glycal is an unsatu-rated sugar with a C1-C2 double bond. To ready it for use in potysaccharide synthesis, the primary -OH group of the glycal is first protected at its primary -OH group by formation of a silvl ether (Section 17.8) and at its two adjacent secondary - OH groups by formation of a cyclic carbonate ester. Then, the protected glycal is epoxidized. 

Rhamnogalacturonan 11 (RG-11) is a structurally complex, pectic polysaccharide that is present in the primary cell-walls of higher plants. It is composed of 60 glycosyl residues, and is a very complex molecule indeed. For example, on acid hydrolysis, at least ten different monosaccharides are formed, including the novel aceric acid (30), which is the only branched-... 

Extracts of Flavobacterium heparinum that had been induced to grow on heparin-like polysaccharides contain a number of enzymes that may ultimately degrade heparin and heparan sulfate to monosaccharides.137,145 240 The enzymes that cause the primary cleavage of heparinlike chains are heparinase (EC 4.2.2.7) and heparanase (EC 4.2.2.8, formerly called heparitinase241,242). 

Sorbitol, a monosaccharide, has been recommended as a primary agent in the treatment of functional constipation in cognitively intact patients. It is as effective as lactulose and much less expensive. 

We are using GC/MS for profiling primary metabolites in M. truncatula. This approach allows for the simultaneous profiling of approximately 300 to 500 components, including amino acids, organic acids, monosaccharides, disaccharides,... 

There are three possible classes of sugar acids which may be produced by the oxidation of monosaccharides (Figure 9.11). The aldonic acids are produced from aldoses when the aldehyde group at carbon 1 is oxidised to a carboxylic acid. If, however, the aldehyde group remains intact and only a primary alcohol group (usually at carbon 6 in the case of hexoses) is oxidised then a uronic acid is formed. Both aldonic and uronic acids occur in nature as intermediates in... 

Six-carbon sugars (hexoses) and five-carbon sugars (pentoses) are the most frequently encountered monosaccharide carbohydrate units in nature. Primary examples of these two classes are the hexoses glucose and fructose, and the pentose ribose. Note the suffix -ose as a general indicator of carbohydrate nature. 

Primary alcohol groups in protected monosaccharides are efficiently oxidised to carboxylic acid at the nickel oxide anode. Secondary alcohol groups however react... 

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