Pressure cycling

Single-Cell Protein. Systems involving single-cell proteins are often very large throughput, continuous processing operations such as the Pmteen process developed by ICI. These are ideal for air-lift bioreactors of which the pressure cycle fermenter is a special case (50). 

Figure 4-9. Ammonia combustion at air compressor discharge pressure of 2-5 bar, absorption at nitrous gas compressor discharge pressure of 7-15 bar (Process 3, dual-pressure cycle).

There are many concepts of the combined cycle, these cycles range from the simple single pressure cycle, in which the steam for the turbine is generated at only one pressure, to the triple pressure cycles where the... 

Pilot-operated PR valves can be specified for blowdown as low as 2%. This is an advantage for main gas pipeline and pressure storage applications, where the narrow range of pressure cycling minimizes product losses resulting from a release. 

Fig. 8.28 shows a similar plot for coal fired IGCC plant with and without CO2 removal (by extra shift reaction and CO2 removal at high pressure (Cycle FI)). 

Figure 1-6B. This low pressure cycle is used for production of oxygen in steady state conditions. By permission, Air Products and Chemicals Inc.

Yo = initial mol fraction of oxygen. This is now the concentration of ox) gen at end of the first pressuring cycle (not venting or purging). 

There can also be a combination of the two cycles in an engine. Such an engine is called a mixed, combination, or limited pressure cycle. 

There are two main pressure cycles applicable to combined cycle scheme single or dual pressure ... 

Figure 15.12 The single-pressure cycle diagram for a combined-cycle installation LP steam...

Compared to a conventional stirred bioreactor, an air-lift pressure-cycle bioreactor is more suitable for development of a SCP process from methanol because ... 

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