Preparation Techniques for Glasses

Usually, the glasses are produced by the two common techniques, i.e., sol-gel and melt quench technique, and are discussed as follows. 

Due to the high field strength of the highly nucleophilic hydroxyl ions (OBT) tend to attack silicon ion. The hydrolysis and polycondensation are simultaneous process and their kinetics are affected by several factors including pH, composition, temperature, alkoxide precursor, pressure, and concentration of different ion species. The hydrolysis and condensation rate constants are small for the bulkier alkoxide groups. 

For making a glass, we need to make batch calculations. Two examples are given to illustrate the batch calculations for the melt quench technique. 

For 100 g of batch, we need to multiply the weight fraction of every component by 100 

Example 2 When the precursors are carbonates, e.g., Na20 is obtained from Na2C03, the following decomposition reaction holds good  

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Preparation Techniques for Glasses Weight fraction of each component ... 

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