Predictive secondary pharmacology

FIGURE 12.4 Concept of predictive secondary pharmacology exemplified with a query compound in the upper left corner. The phenoxypiperidine to the right was one compound identified by the similarity search. The vertical bars denote the compound specific target profiles. For color details, please see color plate section. 

Type A Dose-dependent predictable from primary, secondary, and safety pharmacology Main cause of ADRs ( 75%), rarely lethal... 

The objectives of preclinical testing to support development of new medicines are to detect and characterize unwanted actions, whether inherently toxic or secondary to pharmacological effects of the substance and its pharmacokinetics, to exclude predicted harmful effects, and as far as possible to reveal other, potentially valuable actions. All this must be done in such a way that the results are both scientifically and administratively useful, as GLP and GMP considerations are essential, and the duration and costs of the of the studies are minimized. In this way the necessary resources of scientists, experimental animals, and laboratory facilities can be minimized in order to make the development of products to treat sick patients as efficient, humane, speedy, and economical as possible. 

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