Practical Electrodes for CNS Measurements

Auxiliary electrodes are simply cortical screws placed in contact with the cortex at a convenient point. A wire wrapped around the screw leads to the amphenol or other connector used for the electrode connections. 

The chronic implants for electrochemical measurements are completely conventional. The working electrode(s) are implanted under stereotaxic control the reference and auxiliary electrode, as mentioned, can be located at the experimenter s convenience. Electrode contacts are soldered to some form of multiprong connector affixed to the skull with the usual dental cement. A mating connector, flexible cable, and commutator make connection to the potentiostat for chronic recording in behaving animals. 

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