Power plants heat exchanger fouling

Power-generation plants Heat exchangers and condensers Firewater distribution systems Intakes As above for heat exchangers and fire protection systems Under mussels and other fouling organisms on intakes... 

As alluded to in Chapter 8, the ideal biomass feedstock for thermal conversion, whether it be combustion, gasification, or a combination of both, is one that contains low or zero levels of elements such as nitrogen, sulfur, or chlorine, which can form undesirable pollutants and acids that cause corrosion, and no mineral elements that can form inorganic ash and particulates. Ash formation, especially from alkali metals such as potassium and sodium, can lead to fouling of heat exchange surfaces and erosion of turbine blades, in the case of power production systems that use gas turbines, and cause efficiency losses and plant upsets. In addition to undesirable emissions that form acids (SOx), sulfur can... 

Curlett, P.L. and Impagliazzo, A.M., 1981, The impact of condenser tube fouling on power plant design and enconomics, in Chenoweth, J.M. and Impagliazzo, A.M. eds. Fouling in Heat Exchange Equipment. HTD, Vol. 17, ASME. 

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