Porphyridium cruentum

Chaumont, C. et al., Scaling up a tubular photoreactor for continuous culture of Porphyridium cruentum from laboratory to pilot plant, m Algal Biotechnology, Stadler, T. et al., Eds., Elsevier, London, 1988, 199. 

Bermejo, R. et al.. Preparative purification of B-phycoerythrin from the microalga Porphyridium cruentum by expanded-bed adsorption chromatography, J. Chromatogr. B, 790, 317, 2003. 

Glazer, A.N. and Hixson, C.S., Subunit structure and chromophore composition of rhodophytan phycoerythrins Porphyridium cruentum B-phycoerythrin and b-phyco-erythrin, J. Biol. Chem., 252, 32, 1977. 

There are three main classes of phycobiliproteins, differing in their protein structure, bilin content, and fluorescent properties. These are phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, and allo-phycocyanin (APC). There are two main forms of phycoerythrin proteins commonly in use B-phycoerythrin isolated from Porphyridium cruentum and R-phycoerythrin from Gastroclonium coulteri. There also are three main forms of pigments found in these proteins phycoerythrobilin, phycourobilin, and phycocya no bilin (Glazer, 1985). The relative content of these pigments in the phycobiliproteins determines their spectral properties. All of them,... 

Source Porphyridium cruentum Gastroclonium coulter i Anabaena variabilis Anabaena variabilis... 

Various chromatographic techniques have been employed for the purification and characterization of B-phycoeryhtrin (B-PE) from the unicellular red algae Porphyridium cruentum. B-PE is a biliprotein containing a chromophore. The research was motivated by the importance of B-PE in light-sensing elements in biosensors and by the possible application in food... 

R. Bermejo, E.M. Talavera and J.M. Alvarez-Pez, Chromatographic purification and characterization of B-phycoerythrin of Porphyridium cruentum. Semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatographic separation and characterization of its subunits. J. Chromatogr.A 917 (2001) 135-145. 

J. Heaney-Kieras and D. J. Chapman, Structural studies on the extracellular polysaccharide of the red alga, Porphyridium cruentum, Carbohydr. Res., 52 (1976) 169—177. 

J. Heaney-Kieras, L. Roden, and D. J. Chapman, The covalent linkage of protein to carbohydrate in the extracellular protein polysaccharide from the red alga Porphyridium cruentum, Biochem. J., 165 (1977) 1-9. 

L. Sun, C. Wang, Q. Shi, and C. Ma, Preparation of different molecular weight polysaccharides from Porphyridium cruentum and their antioxidant activities, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 45 (2009) 42 17. 

The best current sources of EPA would appear to be the photosynthetic microalgae, of which Porphyridium cruentum, Isochrysis galbana, Nannochloropsis ocu-lata, and Phaeodactylum tricomutum appear to be the prime candidates (84—87). All produce oils with EPA between 25% and 38% of the total fatty acids (see... 

You, T. Barnett, S.M. Effect of light quality on production of extracellular polysaccharides and growth rate of Porphyridium cruentum. Biochem. Eng. J. 2004, 19, 251-258. 

Fig. 16. Transmission changes in Porphyridium cruentum at 420 nm in the absence (A) and in the presence (B) of DCMU. Upward deflection is decrease in absorption and reflects the oxidation of cytochrome f. The maximum absorbance change amounts to 10". The horizontal bars represent illumination periods. Figure adapted from Duysens, Amesz and Kamp (1961) Two photochemical systems in photosynthesis. Nature 190 510.

N Murata (1969) Control of excitation transfer in photosynthesis. I. Light-induced change of chlorophyll a fluorescence In Porphyridium cruentum. Biochim Biophys Acta 172 242-251... 

Phycobilisomes were discovered more than 30 years ago by Elizabeth Gantt and Sam Contiin the outer thylakoid layer ofthe red alga Porphyridium cruentum. Phycobilisomes are present in large quantities in cyanobacteria and red algae, and may amount to as much as 50% ofthe soluble protein ofthe cell. Intact phycobilisomes can be readily dislodged intact from the membrane with a detergent such as Triton... 

Fig. 2. Electron micrographs of phycobilisomes in the red alga Rhodella violacea (A) and phycobilisomes isolated from Porphyridium cruentum (B). (C) shows a membrane model consisting of the electron-transfer complexes of PS I, PS II, the cytochrome bet complex, the ATP synthase, CFq CFi, and the phycobilisomes. (A) and (C) from MOrschel and Rhiel (1987) Phycobilisomes and thylakoids The light-harvesting system of cyanobacteria and red algae. In JR Harris and RW Horne (eds) Membranous Structure, pp 216, 248. Acad Press (A) kindly furnished by Dr. Erhard Mbrschei and (B) kindly furnished by Dr. Alexander Glazer.

The absorption and fluorescence spectra ofthe four representative phycobiliproteins are shown in Fig. 5 allophycocyanin from the filamentous cyanobacterium Ana aena variabilis, R-pbycocyanin and B-phycoerythrin from tbe unicellular red alga Porphyridium cruentum, and R-phycoerytbrin from the red alga Gastroclonium coulteri. 

E Gantt and SF Conti (1966) Ultrastructure of Porphyridium cruentum. J Cell Biol 26 36-38 E Gantt and SF Conti (1966) Granules associated with the chloroplast lamellae of Porphyridium cruentum. J Cell Biol 29 423-434... 

G Porter, CJ Treadwell, GFW Searle and J Barber (1978) Picosecond time-resolved energy transfer in Porphyridium cruentum. Part I. In the intact alga. Biochim Biophys Acta 501 232-245 M Mimuro, I Yamazaki, N Tamai and T Katoh (1989) Excitation energy transfer in phycobilisomes at-196 C isolated from the cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis (M-3) evidence for the plural transfer pathways to the terminal emitters. Biochim Biophys Acta 973, 153-162... 

Cohen, Z., Vohshak, A., Boussiba, S., and Richmond, A. 1988. The effect of temperature and cell concentration on the fatty acid composition of outdoor culture of Porphyridium cruentum. In Algal Biotechnology (T. Stadler, J. Mollin, and M.C. Verdus, eds), pp. 421-428. Elsevier Applied Sciences, London. 

Hern adez-Mireles, T. and Rito-Palomares, M. (2006). Improved recovery of B-phycoery-thrin produced by the red microalga Porphyridium cruentum. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 6, 989-996. 

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