Porous structure, nanoreactors

Through covalent and noncovalent bonding methods, different kinds of molecular catalysts could be incorporated into MSs and MOFs. These porous materials with the incorporated molecular catalyst could catalyze various kinds of chemical reactions. A review of all the related works is impossible and not necessary in this chapter. We only review some representative examples for demonstrating the unique properties of the nanoreactor for catalytic reactions, including the pore confinement effect, the enhanced cooperative activation effect, and the isolation effect, as well as the microenvironment and the porous structure engineering of the nanoreactor and the catalytic nanoreactor engineering. 

Influence of the Porous Structure on the Catalytic Performance of Nanoreactors... 

All authors conclude that carbons with adjusted pore size distribution in the entire range of the nanopores can be obtained, depending the synthesis conditions and cationic surfactants used as templates. Despite this, it is an effective pathway to obtain porous carbons, even though the pore formation mechanism is not well understood. Hence, different mechanisms are used to explain its effect emerged, such as liquid crystal templating mechanism, cooperative self-assembly, electrostatic interaction between cationic surfactant molecules and the anionic RF polymer chain and micelles as nanoreactors to produce RF nanoparticles [51, 70]. In these cases, the simple mold effect from the globular form and the RF polymerization around it is insufficient to explain the structuring of the material by the template, where spherical closed pores would be expected. 

Hollow inorganic particles have various potential applications such as in coatings catalysis, adsorption, and drug dehvery system (DDS) due to their imique structural features [90]. The porous shell provides diffusion pathways to their interior voids, which is particularly important for catalysis and drug dehvery. Fiuther-more, the yolk-shell structured particles containing functional cores inside the hollow interior are useful as nanoreactors for various catalytic reactions and multifunctional carriers for drug dehvery [91]. 

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