Polymeric proteins, genetic control

While peptide antibiotics are synthesized according to enzyme-controlled polymerization patterns, both proteins and nucleic acids are made by template mechanisms. Tire sequence of their monomer emits is determined by genetically encoded information. A key reaction in the formation of proteins is the transfer of activated aminoacyl groups to molecules of tRNA (Eq. 17-36). Tire tRNAs act as carriers or adapters as explained in detail in Chapter 29. Each aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase must recognize the correct tRNA and attach the correct amino acid to it. The tRNA then carries the activated amino acid to a ribosome, where it is placed, at the correct moment, in the active site. Peptidyltransferase, using a transacylation reaction, in an insertion mechanism transfers the C terminus of the growing peptide chain onto the amino group of... 

Recently a field of science called Life Science has been developed and its further development as a synthetic science which is related to a wide range of scientific fields is expected in the future. The aim of life science is to investigate the structure and properties of biomolecules that govern life activity, to elucidate the mechanism of the reactions of biomolecules, and to utilize the aspects of biomolecules for reactions in vitro. There are a number of polymeric compounds in vivo, such as proteins, that are related directly to life phenomena and nucleic acids that control the transmission of genetic information. To understand the functionality of these biopdymers and to exploit useful functional materials, an investigation on Biologically Important Polymers should be based on polymer chenustry. 

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