Polymer-solvent ternary systems

Tong, Z. Einaga, Y. Fujita, H., "Phase Equilibrium in Polymer + Polymer + Solvent Ternary Systems. III. Polystyrene + Polyisoprene + Cyclohexane System Revisited," Polym. J., 19, 965 (1987). 

Hwang W F, Wiff D R and Verschoore C (1983) Phase relationships of rigid rod polymer/flexible coil polymer/solvent ternary systems, Polym Eng Sci 23 789-791. 

CH2 Chalykh, A.E., Sapozhnikova, I.N., and Medvedeva, L.I., Mechanism of formation of a phase stmcture of binary polymeric mixtures from polymer-polymer-solvent ternary systems (Russ.), Dokl. Akad. NaukSSSR, Fiz. Khim., 288, 939, 1986. 

T01 Tong, Z., Einaga, Y., Miyashita, H., and Fujita, H., Phase equilibrium in polymer + polymer + solvent ternary systems. 2. Phase diagram of polystyrene + polyisoprene + cyclohexane, Macroffro/ecw/ex, 20, 1888, 1987. 

Numerical Simulation of the Seif-Assembly of a Polymer-Polymer-Solvent Ternary System 1481... 

Numerical Simulation of the Seff-Assembly of a Polymer-PolYmer-Solvent Ternary System ... 

The numerical model for polymer-polymer-solvent ternary system is provided in Section 15.3.3, while the parameters used in the simulation and some estimated values are listed in Table 15.4. Since, in the practical experiments, the conditions were more complicated than in the developed models, the values of the parameters were first estimated by fundamental theory and then tuned according to the experimental results. 

A 128 X 64 X 16 finite element model in three dimensions was established to investigate the composition profile the physical dimensions of the slab before nondimensionaUzation are listed in Table 15.4. The numerical simulation was conducted based on the experimental conditions. Some of the parameters were directly imported from the experimental condition, while some - such as the gradient energy coefficient and mobility - were difficult to measure. Those parameter values which were not directly obtainable were first estimated via the theories described in Section 15.4.2, and then benchmarked in the numerical simulation with the experimental results. For phase separation in a polymer-polymer-solvent ternary system, the solubility of the polymers in the solvent is much greater than that of the polymers in each other [94]. Consequently, the interaction parameters between the solvent and two polymers were set as 0, and the interaction parameter between two polymers can be estimated with the following equation [33] ... 

Shang, Y, Kazmer, D., Wei, M., Barry, C., and Mead, J. (2009) Numerical simulation of the self-assembly of a polymer-polymer-solvent ternary system on a heterogeneously functionalized substrate. Polym. Eng. Sci 50 (12), 2329-2339. 

Recently, based on the random phase approximation, Benoit and his coworkers (BBA) proposed that any mixture of two monodisperse polymers could exhibit two relaxation modes, which was confirmed by their tests on a polystyrene-poly(methyl methacrylate)-toluene ternary mixture. Their formalism was based on the assumption that there existed only one translational mode in monodisperse polymer solutions. Memoto et al. has also reported that two modes were observed in one of several semidilute solutions of polymer-polymer-solvent ternary systems, but only one mode in polymer-solvent binary solutions, which agreed with the BBA theory. 

N. Nemoto, T. Inoue, Y. Tsunashima, and M. Kurata. Dynamics of polymer-polymer-solvent ternary systems. 2. Diffusion and sedimentation of poly(methyl methacrylate) in semidilute solutions of polystyrene in thiophenol. Macromolecules, 18 (1985), 2516-2522. 

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