Polyhydric alcohols erythritol

The electrochemical oxidation of polyhydric alcohols, viz. ethylene glycol, glycerol, meso-erythritol, xilitol, on a platinum electrode show high reactivity in alkaline solutions of KOH and K2C03 [53]. This electro-oxidation shows structural effects, Pt(lll) being the most active orientation. This results from different adsorption interactions of glycerol with the crystal planes [59]. 

The reactions of peroxyl radicals derived from polyhydric alcohols were studied by using flash photolysis of H202 as the radiomimetic system,116 and by various product studies on ethylene glycol,148,149 glycerol,149 erythritol,145 D-arabinitol,149 D-mannitol,148,149 D-glu-citol,145,150,151 myo-inositol,147,152-154 and scyMo-inositol.77... 

These treatments convert to ionic substances, and remove, nearly all constituents of natural materials the acid treatments release any inositol present as phosphate, or combined in phospholipids, glycosides, etc. Glycerol remains in the deionized sample, but it can be oxidized separately, or be removed by heat decomposition or by repeatedly evaporating the solution to dryness. Such polyhydric alcohols of greater chain length as erythritol and mannitol, when present, would still interfere. However, corrections can be made for these compounds by determining the formaldehyde which they form on periodate oxidation, or they may be removed by chromatography on filter paper. The micro-periodate method is well suited to the analysis of samples eluted from filter paper, provided that care is exercised to remove the tiny particles of cellulose which are usually found in such eluates. 

Alkogol (Rus). Alcohol Alkohol (Ger). Alcohol Alkyd Resins are the reaction products of polyhydric alcohols(such as glycerol, glycols, erythritol, etc) and resinifying polybasic acids(such as phthalic and maleic acids, the dimer of abietic acid, sorbic acid, tartaric acid, etc). The first alkyd resin was prepd by Berzelius in 1847 from glycerol and tartaric acid, but the first resins to become industrially important were the glycerol-phthalate resins introduced in 1901 hy Smith and used widely at about the time of WWI, Second in importance are the maleic alkyd resins(Refs 1 2)... 

Hydrogenation of oxystarch with Eaney nickel catalyst, followed by hydrolysis, gave erythritol. Simultaneous reduction and hydrolysis gave erythritol in yields of up to 71 %. Oxyamylopectin has been reduced with sodium borohydride to the corresponding polyhydric alcohol, which has been methylated both derivatives have been hydrolyzed, to give fragments enabling the structure of amylopectin to be deduced. 

ESCR See environmental stress cracking, ester The reaction product of an alcohol and an acid, ester gum plastic A plastic made from rosin or rosin acids and a polyhydric alcohol, such as glycerin or penta-erythritol. 

Matsuoka et al. [8] tested ADAFCs formed by Pt-Ru/C as anode catalyst, Pt/C or Ag/C as cathode catalyst, and the AHA membrane by Tokuyama Co. The cells operated at 50 °C and were fuelled with four polyhydric alcohols and methanol for comparison. These alcohols (1 M) were dissolved in 1 M KOH aqueous solution. The maximum power densities were in the order of ethylene glycol > glycerol > methanol > erythritol > xylitol. The direct ethylene glycol fuel cell showed the highest power density. AlkaUne direct alcohol fuel cells using silver as a cathode catalyst showed good performance however, the open-circuit voltage of a cell with... 

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