Polyelectrolyte complex formation

Dautzenberg, H. (2001). Polyelectrolyte complex formation of highly aggregating systems methodical aspects and general tendencies. In Radeva, T. (Ed.). Physical Chemistry of Poly electrolytes, Surfactant Science Series Vol. 99, New York Marcel Dekker, pp. 743-792. 

The reaction of polyelectrolyte complex formation can be described by the following equation ... 

Giebeler et al. [73] investigated the polyelectrolyte complex formation of triblock copolyampholytes, polystyrene-frZock-poly( 2 or 4)-vinylpyridine)-b/oc/c-poly(methacrylic acid). By potentiometric, conductometric and turbi-dimetric titrations of acidic THF/water solutions the formation of an interpolymer complex at the isoelectric point was found, in which most likely the hydrophobic polystyrene cores are embedded in a mixed corona of the two polyelectrolyte blocks. 

Coacervation. If an oil phase is emulsified in a polymer water solution, and the polymer is precipitated (for example) by changing the pH, the polymer precipitate (coacervate) has a tendency to accumulate at the interface. This is the coacervation process called simple if one polymer is involved and complex if two polymers are involved. If the coacervation is obtained by dropping one polymer solution into a polymer solution of opposite charge, this is termed interfacial coacervation, or polyelectrolyte complex formation . 

J Kotz, S Kosmella. Structured pigments due to polyelectrolyte complex formation. Tappi Proceedings 1995 Coating Fundamentals Symposium, Dallas, 1995 71-89. 

Polyelectrolyte Complex Formation in Highly Aggregating Systems Methodical Aspects and General Tendencies... 

Dautzenberg H, Lukanoff B, Eckert U, Tiersch B, Schuldt U. Immobilization of biological matter by polyelectrolyte complex formation. Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem 1996 100(6) 1045-1053. 

Dautzenberg H. Polyelectrolyte complex formation role of a double hydrophilic polymer. Macromol Chem Phys 1999 submitted. 

Hugerth A, Lelham NC, Sundelof LO. The effect of charge density and conformation on the polyelectrolyte complex formation between carrageenan and chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 1997 34 149-156. 

Dautzenberg H, Rother G, Hartmann J. Light scattering studies of polyelectrolyte complex formation effect of polymer concentration. In Schmitz KS, ed. Macroion Characterization From Dilute Solution to Complex Fluids. ACS Symposium Series 548. Washington, DC American Chemical Society, 1994 210-224. 

Dautzenberg H. Polyelectrolyte complex formation in highly aggregating systems 1. Effect of salt polyelectrolyte complex formation in the presence of salt. Macromolecules 1997 30 7810-7815. 

Dautzenberg H, Karibyants N. Polyelectrolyte complex formation effect of salt. In Noda I, Kokufuta E, eds. Polyelectrolytes. Yamada Conference L. Osaka, Japan Yamada Science Foundation, 1999 284-287. 

M. Gericke, T. Liebert, and Th. Heinze, Interaction of ionic liquids with polysaccharides, 8—synthesis of cellulsoe sulfates suitable for polyelectrolyte complex formation, Macromol. Biosci, 9 (2009) 343-353. 

Cell immobilization via a combination of ionotropic gelation and polyelectrolyte complex formation (e.g., with chitosan) in drug delivery systems and dialysis membranes... 

Dautzenberg, H., Rother, G., Hartmann, J. Light-scattering studies of polyelectrolyte complex formation. Effect of polymer concentration. Macro-Ion Charac. 1994, 548, 210-224. 

Dragan S., Cristea M., Polyelectrolyte complexes. Formation, characterization and applications. Recent Res. Dev. Polym. ScL, 7, 2003, 149-181. 

Because the polyelectrolytes are typically flexible molecules, the boundaries between the layers in the film are somewhat fuzzy. The blurriness depends on the relaxation time of the polyelectrolyte complex formation. This, in turn, is determined by the molecular properties of the polyelectrolytes (i.e., charge density,... 

Mende M, Schwarz S, Zschoche S, Petzold G, Janke A (2011) Influence of the hydro-phobicity of polyelectrolytes on polyelectrolyte complex formation and complex particle structure and shape. Polymers 3 1363... 

Dragan ES, Cristea M (2003) Polyelectrolyte complexes. Formation, characterizationand application, hr Gayathri A (ed) Recent research developments in polymer science, vol 7. Research Sigrrpost, Trivandrum, pp 149-181... 

Dautzenberg H (2001) Polyelectrolyte complex formation in highly aggregating systems methodical aspects and general tendencies. In Radeeva I (ed) Physical chemistry of polyelectrolytes (surfactant science series 99). ACS symposium series, Washington... 

Lindhoud S, Cohen Stuart MA (2012) Relaxation phenmnena during polyelectrolyte complex formation. Adv Polym Sci DOI 10.1007/12 2012 178... 

Saether HV, Hohne HK, Maurstad G et al (2008) Polyelectrolyte complex formation using alginate and chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 74 813-821... 

---