Polycondensation of poly

West, S. M., Smallridge, A. J., Uhlherr, A. and Volker, S., Small molecules accumulated during polycondensation of poly(ethylene terephthalate), Macromol. Chem. Phys., 201, 2532-2534 (2000). 

Laubriet, C., LeCorre, B. and Choi, K. Y., Two-phase model for continuous final stage melt polycondensation of poly(ethylene terephthalate). 1. Steady-state analysis, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 30, 2-12 (1991). 

Buxbaum, L. H., Solid-state polycondensation of poly(butylene terephthalate), J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 35, 59-66 (1979). 

Chang, T. M., Kinetics of thermally induced solid state polycondensation of poly(ethylene terephthalate), Polym. Eng. Sci. 10, 364-368 (1970). 

Figure 5.20 Solid-state polycondensation of poly(butylene terephthalate) with different end group concentrations 1, [COOH], 0.67vol/mol 2, [COOH], 1.48vol/mol 3, [COOH], 1.86vol/mol [30a]. From Buxbaum, L. H., J.Appl. Polym. Sci., Appl. Polym. Symp., 35, 59 (1979), Copyright John Wiley Sons, Inc., 1979. Reprinted by permission of John Wiley Sons, Inc.

The conditions used for a radical reaction could require a modification of the mechanochemical polycondensation. Such a polycondensation of poly ( -caprolactam) was carried out using sebacic acid dichloride as a condensing agent. For the mechanochemical polycondensation of all the other polymers, aliphatic and aromatic diamines were used. In all cases, the reaction was followed by determining chemically linked nitrogen, which decreased in the first case (owing to the fixation of acid dichloride) and increased in the remaining ones because of the reactions with diamines. 

Step-growth polymerization, 22, 24-25, 23, 84-86, 86,90-92,114-115, 261 compared with chain-growth polymerization, 88-89, 88-89 interfacial polymerization, 91-92 laboratory activities on synthesis of nylon, 228-230 synthesis of polyesters in the melt, 231-233 synthesis of polyurethane foam, 234-237 molar mass and, 86, 86 polycondensation of poly ethylene terephthalate), 90-91 polymers produced by, 86 types of monomers for, 90 Stereochemistry, 28, 37-39,41-42, 70 tacticity, 103-105 Stereoisomers, 41 Stereoregularity, 70 Stiffness, 142, 261 Strain, 142-143, 261 Strength... 

D. B. Cotts and G. C. Berry, Polymerization kinetics of rigid rodlike molecules - polycondensation of poly((benzo(l,2-D-5,4-D )bisoxazole-2,6-diyl)-l,4-phenylene). Macromolecules, 14 (1981) 930. 

The general process for melt polycondensation of poly anhydrides is shown in Fig. 3. It consists of... 

Angular silicas such as Partisil and Lichrosorb are prepared by the reaction of sodium silicate with hydrochloric acid. Spherical particles, e.g. Spherisorb are synthesised by the hydrolytic polycondensation of poly-ethoxysilane followed by emulsion precipitation or spray-drying. 

Rafler, G., Reinisch, G., Bonatz, E. and Versaumer, H., Kinetics of mass transfer in the melt polycondensation of poly(ethylene terephthalate), J. Macromol. ScL, Chem., A22, 1413-1427 (1985). 

PN. Coneski, PA. Fulmer, J.H. Wynne, Thermal polycondensation of poly(diol dtrate)s with tethered quaternary ammonium biocides, RSC Adv. 2 (2012) 12824-12834. 

Duh B. Effect of antimony catalyst on solid-state polycondensation of poly (ethylene tere-phthalate). Polymer 2002 43 3147-3154. 

The polyether-ester polyamic acid imidization process in a solid state under microwave irradiation was studied by Yu et al. [73]. The prepolymer, polyether-ester polyamic acid, was prepared by the polycondensation of poly(tetramethylene ether)glycol di-p-aminobenzoate (Polyamine-650, Polaroid, Co.) and pyromellitic acid dianhydride (PMDA) at room temperature in DMF solution. Later, the prepolymer solution was cast on polytetrafiuoroethylene plates to form 200 pm thin films that were imidized under microwave irradiation in a household microwave oven at 60 °C. The temperature was measured by means of a thermocouple applied to the film surface immediately after the intervals of microwave turn off It was found that microwave irradiation reduced both the reaction temperature and time. For example, during the solid phase thermal polymerization 68.3% polyamic acid was converted to polyimide at 155 °C, while under microwave irradiation 65 % of polyamic acid was reacted at 60 °C within 3 h [73]. 

Cheong SI, Choi KY. Melt polycondensation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) in a rotating disk reactor. J Appl Polym Sci 1995 58 1473-83. 

Fig. 5.10 Mechanochemical polycondensation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and ethylene diamine, (a) Effect of milling time on nitrogen content of interpolymer at different polymer/ condensation agent ratio (1) 0.88 (2) 0.35 (3) 0.22 [41]. (b) Effect of milling time on nitrogen content of interpolymer at different packing degree (1) 0.2% (2) 0.8% (3) 3.2% [43]. (c) Effect of temperature on nitrogen content of interpolymer [43].

Where depolymerization is least likeily to occur so that the condensation is irreversible and siloxane bonds cannot be hydrolyzed once they are formed, the condensation process may resemble classical polycondensation of poly functional organic monomer resulting in a three dimensional molecular network. Owing to the insolubility of silica under these conditions the condensation polymer of siloxane chains cannot undergo rearrangement into particles. 

Imai Y, Ogata S and Kakimoto M (1984) S5mthesis of polyether-amides by direct polycondensation of poly(oxyethylene)dicarboxylic acids with aromatic diamines in the presence of triphenyl phosphite and pyridine, Makromol Chem Rapid Commun 5 47-51. 

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