Polycation/DNA

Liposome-Polycation-DNA A Nonviral Gene Vector Turned into a Potent Vaccine Carrier... 

Liposome-polycation-DNA (LPD) nanoparticles (1) are formed by spontaneous rearrangement of a lipid shell around a polycation-condensed bacterial plasmid DNA core to form a virus-like structure (2). The LPD complexes consist of liposomes that are either made of cationic (LPDI) or anionic (LPDII) lipids and are sometimes referred to as lipopolyplexes, a broader category that also includes other lipid-based vectors (2). 

Pouton CW, Lucas P, Thomas BJ, et al. Polycation-DNA complexes for gene delivery a comparison of the biopharmaceutical properties of cationic polypeptides and cationic lipids. J Control Release 1998 53 289-299. 

Kircheis, R., Blessing, T., Brunner, S., Wightman, L., Wagner, E. (2001). Tumor targeting with surface-shielded ligand-polycation DNA complexes. J. Control Release, 72, 165-170. 

Wightman, L., Patzelt, E., Wagner, E. and Kircheis, R. (1999) Development of transferrin-polycation/DNA based vectors for gene delivery to melanoma cells. J. Drug Target., 7, 293-303. 

Kircheis R, Wagner E (2000) Polycation/DNA complex for in vivo gene delivery. Gene Ther Regul 1 95-114... 

Polymer. The field of nonviral gene delivery using cationic polymers is at its early stage compared to that of cationic lipid. However, this system is also known to have advantages over lipid-based systems in controlling the size, charge, and other physicochemical properties. Polycation-DNA complexes, also called as polyplexes, are formed by a cooperative... 

Wagner, E., Cotton, M., Foisner, R., and Birnstiel, M. L. TVansferrin-polycation-DNA complexes The effect of polycations on the structure of the complex and DNA delivery to cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88 4255—4259, 1991. 

Lee LK, Mount CN, Shamlou PA. Characterization of the physical stability of colloidal polycation-DNA complexes for gene therapy and DNA vaccines. Chem Eng Sci 2001, 56, 3263-3272. 

Because polycation-DNA complexes generally are stable, a number of cationic polymers have been investigated as gene carriers, including polylysine [8], polyethyleneimine [9], polyamidoamine dendrimers [10], poly(a-(4-aminobutyl)-L-glycolic acid) [11] etc. 

Condensates of polycatimi with DNA (polyplexes) can adopt various shapes, the most commonly observed being toroidal, rod-like, and globular (examples of some of these structures are presented in Scheme 7) [68-71]. The different structures that IPECs can adopt can be categorized into different subtypes water-soluble, colloidally stable, and insoluble. The type of complex formed is governed by all the factors mentioned in the previous paragraphs. Moreover, it should be noted that the polycation/DNA charge ratio influences the size, charge, and solubility of the polyplexes. As a cmisequence, in some cases, the polyplexes can be consecutively water soluble, then colloidally stable, and eventually precipitate. 

Tang MX, Szoka FC Jr (1998) Structure of polycation-DNA complexes and theory of compaction. In Kabanov AV, Feigner PL, Seymour LW (eds) Self-assembling complexes for gene delivery. Wiley, New York... 

Zhan B, Shi K, Dong Z, et al. Coarse-grained simulation of polycation/DNA-hke complexes role of neutral block. Mol Pham 12 2834—2844, 2015. 

Read 2003, reducible polycation DNA binding reduced enhanced gene transfer... 

Fig. 10.11. The dependencies of sedimentation coefficients of soluble IPEC formed by Lambda DNA with Q-P4VP (1) and Q"-P4VP (2), on the [polycation]/ [DNA] base mole ratio [58].

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