Polybenzimidazole Based High Temperature Polymer Electrolytes

Polybenzimidazole Based High Temperature Polymer Electrolytes 

Up to now mPBI, 2,2 -m-(phenylene)-5,5 -bibenzimidazole, the commercial product imder the name Celazole , proposed by Aharoni and Litt and investigated by Savinell and Wainright has been the state-of-the-art material diat has been studied exten- 

The most common and effective route for the lab scale synthesis of mPBI is the high temperature (170-200°C) polycondensaton of tetraaminobiphenyl and isophthahc acid in polyphosphoric acid (PPA), Fig. 1. mPBI is a completely amorphous thermoplastic polymer with a glass transition temperature of aroimd 420°C. Phosphoric acid doped mPBI exhibits high thermal stability, low 

Another prorrtising modification of PBI is the introduction of immobilized polyvirtylphosphonic acid (PVPA) in the PBI matrix. This approach is especially interesting since the acid is not likely to be washed out dttring operation, thus maintaining steady fuel cell performance. PEMEAS-BASF Fuel Cells has developed an MEA product, Celtec -V, mainly for liqttid feed DMFCs, based on this concept Single-cell performance tests of CeltecV and Na 

When the feed gas is air, degradation seems to be less pronounced. Acceptable degradation rates in the range of 5-6 pVh have been reported with PBI based MEAs under steady-state or dynamic conditions. 

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Polybenzimidazole Based High Temperature Polymer Electrolytes... 

Pinar FJ, Rastedt M, Pilinski N et al (2014) Effect of compression cycling on polybenzimidazole-based high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Fuel Cells 15(1) 140-149... 

Xiao, L. et al.. Synthesis and characterization of pyridine-based polybenzimidazoles for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications. Fuel Cells, 5, 287, 2005. 

Fig. 7.14 Temperature dependence of proton conductivity of a 2,5-PPBI membrane with 20.4 mol H3PO4 doping. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [54] L. Xiao, et al.. Synthesis and characterization of pyridine-based polybenzimidazole for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell application. Fuel Cell, 5, 287-295 (2005). Copyright Wiley-VCH...

Xiao, L., H. Zhang, T. Jana, E. Scanlon, R. Chen, E. W. Choe, L. S. Ramanathan, S. Yu, and B. C. Benicewicz, Synthesis and characterization of pyridine-based of polybenzimidazoles for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications . Fuel Cells 5(2) (2005) 287-295. 

Berber MR, Fujigaya T, Sasaki K et al (2011) Remarkably durable high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell based on poly(vinylphosphonic acid)-doped polybenzimidazole. Sci Rep 3 1-7... 

Wang JTW, Hsu SLC (2011) Enhanced high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cells based on polybenzimidazole and ionic liquids. Electrochim Acta 56 2842-2846... 

Casting by solvent evaporation is a commonly used procedure for fabrication of membranes based on organic polymers. It is probably the most widely used technique for polybenzimidazole membrane preparation for high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. After casting, doping with phosphoric acid provides proton conductivity to the membrane. 

Ossiander T, Perchthaler M, Heinzl C et al (2014) Influence of thermal post-curing on the degradation of a cross-linked polybenzimidazole-based membrane for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J Power Sources 267 323-328... 

Coordination polymers containing rotaxane linkers 12CSR5896. Design and synthesis of cross-Hnked poly(benzoxazine)- and polybenzimidazole-based copolymer membranes and their application to an electrolyte membrane for a high-temperature PEM fuel cell 13P77. 

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