Polyaniline PANI nanoparticles

Cellulose acetate nanofibers reinforced with chopped polyaniline, PANI, nanoparticles were produced. PANI acts as a nucleating agent and increases the formation of crystallites. The overall degree of ciystalhzation is increased, leading to the increased number of dipoles in the nanofibrous nonwoven membranes. ... 

PP-g-MA) silicate nanocomposites and intercalated thermoset silicate nanocomposites for flame-retardant applications were characterised by XRD and TEM [333], XRD, TEM and FTIR were also used in the study of ID CdS nanoparticle-poly(vinyl acetate) nanorod composites prepared by hydrothermal polymerisation and simultaneous sulfidation [334], The CdS nanoparticles were well dispersed in the polymer nanorods. The intercalation of polyaniline (PANI)-DDBSA (dodecylbenzene-sulfonate) into the galleries of organo-montmorillonite (MMT) was confirmed by XRD, and significantly large 4-spacing expansions (13.3-29.6A) were observed for the nanocomposites [335],... 

Development of high-performance biopolymer membranes has been attempted to solve the problems of conventional synthetic ionic polymers. As one of efforts, well-defined and regular electrospun PANI/CA biopolymer actuators with a good dispersion of chopped PANI (polyaniline) nanoparticles inside the CA (cellulose acetate) nanofibers were reported (Hong et al. 2013). Only a small amount of chopped PANI nanoparticles (0.1 % and 0.5wt%), inducing well-dispersed nanoporous structures... 

In another study, Gallon et al. used polyaniline (PANI) nanofiber-supported palladium nanoparticles as catalysts for the coupling of aryl chlorides with phenyl boronic acid in water [98]. Typically, the aryl chlorides were ineffective in most Suzuki coupling reactions but, by subshtuhng the aryl halide appropriately, it could be shown that Pd nanoparticles were capable of carrying out the transforma-hon in the aqueous phase. 

Figure 2.33 PANI-NFs/Au nanoparticle bistable digital memory device (from Table of Contents of Reference 504). (Reprinted with permission from Nano Letters, Polyaniline nanofiber/Gold Nanoparticle Nonvolatile Memory by R. j. Tseng, J. Huang, j. Ouyang et ai, 5, 6, 1077-1080. Copyright (2005) American Chemical Society)...

Figure 14.8 Cyclic voltammograms of glassy carbon electrodes modified with PANI hollow spheres and gold nanoparticles (A), PANI alone (B) and gold nanoparticles alone (C) in a range of concentrations of dopamine (DA) at a scan rate of 100 mV s vs. SCE. (Reprinted with permission from Langmuir, Polyaniline / Au composite hollow spheres Synthesis, characterisation, and application to the detection of dopamine by X. M. Feng, C.j. Mao, G. Yang et a ., 22, 9, 4384-4389. Copyright (2006) American Chemical Society)...

Figure 14.9 The application of porous PAN films and composites to the sensing of nitrite. Scale 7 gm (A) Porous film ofpoly(aniline) formed from the in situ electrochemical synthesis in the presence of WO nm polystyrene nanoparticle templates. (B) Enhanced electrocatalysis of concentrations of 50 gM nitrite in 0.7 M HCI at+ 50 mVvs. Ag/AgCI of the nanocomposite film (d) compared to classy carbon (a), pre-treatedglassy carbon (b) and bulk PANI [85]. (Reprinted with permission from Chemistry A European journal, Nanocomposite and nanoporous polyaniline conducting polymers exhibit enhanced catalysis of nitrite reduction by X. Luo, A.j. Killard and M.R. Smyth, 13, 2138-2143. Copyright (2007) Wiley-VCH)...

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