Polyacrylic acid metal complexation with

The peculiarities of the magnetic behavior have been studied for systems obtained by the reduction of metal salts in the medium of a swollen polyacrylic acid interpolymeric complex with an urea-formaldehyde oligomer. Similar studies have... 

Gregor, H. P., Luttinger, L. B. Loebl, E. M. (1955b). Metal-polyelectrolyte complexes. IV. Complexes of polyacrylic acid with magnesium, calcium, cobalt and zinc. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 59, 990-1. 

Aluminium drinking carts. There are many patents [8] referring to the use of fluorozirconic acid (H2ZrF6)-based systems to treat the surface of aluminium cans to improve the corrosion resistance of the metal and the adhesion of the applied coatings. Typically, the zirconium fluoride will be used in conjunction with polyacrylic acid, presumably to form a complex in situ which acts as an adhesion promoter. Such surface treatment of aluminium is not restricted to zirconium fluorides, as ammonium zirconium carbonate displays similar properties in such application areas. 

This includes reactions of the polymer groups with metallic sites on the particle surface that may result in the formation of stable or insoluble compounds through covalent, ionic or coordination bonding. Carboxyl flocculants such as polyacrylic acid and carboxyl-methyl cellulose can chemisorb on the surface of calcite and sphalerite which have calcium or zinc sites on them. Certain flocculants, such as cellulose and starch with xanthate and polyacrylamide with dithiocarbamate with high chemically active groups, have been found to exhibit selective reaction with sulfide minerals. Such complexing polymers have been investigated for their use in selective flocculation processes. 

The multicomponent ATRP system consists of an initiator (alkyl (pseudo)halide, RX), a redox-active transition metal in its lower oxidation state (M"), ligands, a deactivator (XM" species) and the monomer. ATRP is performed in bulk or in solution at elevated temperatures [288] with the possible use of different additives. One important item to regard is the fact that in ATRP one set of conditions cannot be applied to every monomer class. While neither polyacrylic nor poly(methacrylic) acid can be synthesized with currently available ATRP systems, because the monomers rapidly react with the metal complexes to form metal carboxylates, various acrylate esters can be polymerized by ATRP (Scheme 28) [289]. In analogy to these acrylate esters a wide range of methacrylate esters is expected to undergo ATRP. 

The preceding analysis was based on the following assumptions (1) there is only one type of complex ML in the solution (2) there were no metal hydroxides present in the system (it is certainly correct as long as pH < 7). In general, however, water-soluble chelating polymers like polyacrylic acid (HL) etc. can form a number of complexes with metal ions. For example, for divalent metal ions such as Cu, Ni +, Co, Zn " ", etc., the following types of equilibria have been considered ... 

---