Poly valent metal ions

Poly(lignin-g-(l-amidoethylene)). These nonionic molecules are small in size, readily adsorbed on silica surfaces, and prone to complex di- and tri-valent metal ions from aqueous solution (2,3). Synthetic results for several samples of poly(lignin-g-(l-amidoethylene)) are given in Table III. 

Besides some conventional supports, a new carrier material, poly-alumazane, was tested. Poly-alumazane, which was recently reported by Chinese researchers8, is a silica carrier, the surface of which is modified by subsequent treatments with aluminum chloride and ammonia, forming an Al-N phase on the silica surface. This coating is able to interact with two-valent noble metal ions (like Pd11) which is found to result -after reduction- in a catalyst with very high dispersion. 

Preparation of stable, zero-valent metallic copper solutions were demonstrated in either water or methanol [89]. After complexation within various surface modified poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers, copper(II) ions were reduced to zero valence metallic copper thus providing a bronze, transparent dendrimer-metal nanocomposite soluble in water. Solubility of the metal domains is determined by the surface properties of the dendrimer host molecules, however, their solutions still display characteristic optical properties associated with metal domains. Both aqueous and methanolic solutions of copper clusters were stable for several months in the absence of oxygen. Similar work and results were also reported by Crooks et al. [133]. 

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