Poly 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine

Many kinds of nonbiodegradable vinyl-type hydrophilic polymers were also used in combination with aliphatic polyesters to prepare amphiphilic block copolymers. Two typical examples of the vinyl-polymers used are poly(/V-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) [149-152] and poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) [153]. PNIPAAm is well known as a temperature-responsive polymer and has been used in biomedicine to provide smart materials. Temperature-responsive nanoparticles or polymer micelles could be prepared using PNIPAAm-6-PLA block copolymers [149-152]. PMPC is also a well-known biocompatible polymer that suppresses protein adsorption and platelet adhesion, and has been used as the hydrophilic outer shell of polymer micelles consisting of a block copolymer of PMPC -co-PLA [153]. Many other vinyl-type polymers used for PLA-based amphiphilic block copolymers were also introduced in a recent review [16]. 

Fig. 1 Chemical structure of water-soluble poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-co-n-butyl methacrylate-co-p-vinylphenylboronic acid (PMBV)...

Tumoko and coworkers [485] showed that polymers based on acrylamide, methyl propane sulfonic acid and butyl methacrylate in conjunction with poly(2 methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-co-butyl methacrylate) are capable of suppressing platelet adherence. Similar results [486] were found on poly(gamma benzyl 1 glutamate-co-leucine) neutralized with sodium. 

Kyomoto M, Moro T, Takatori Y, Kawaguchi H, Nakamura K, Ishihara K. Self-initiated surface grafting with poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) on poly(ether-ether-ketone). Biomaterials 2010 31(6) 1017-24. 

Kyomoto M, Moro T, Yamane S, Hashimoto M, Takatori Y, Ishihara K. Poly(ether-ether-ketone) orthopedic bearing surface modified by self-initiated surface grafting of poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine). Biomaterials 2013 34(32) 7829- 39. 

Next, in order to demonstrate the efficacy of this cell surface engineering approach, cell microarrays were prepared using a micropattemed poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine [MPC]) (PMPC) polymer brush surface as the substrate. PMPC brushes were prepared on a silicon (Si) wafer via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization, as previously described elsewhere [35]. Selective decomposition of the initiators immobilized on the Si wafer using UV light irradiation resulted in micropatterning of the... 

Asanuma Y, Inoue Y, Yusa S, Ishihara K. Hybridization of poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-block-2-ethylhexyl methacrylate) with segmented polyurethane for reducing thrombogenicity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013 108 239-45. 

Feng, W., Zhu, S., Ishihara, K., Brash, J. L. (2005). Adsorption of fibrinogen and lysozyme on silicon grafted with poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Langmuir, 21, 5980-5987. 

Armes et al. [58] synthesized, via ATRP, biocompatible, thermoresponsive ABA triblock copolymers in which the onter A blocks are comprised of PNIPAm and the central B block is poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine). This novel system is soluble in dilnte aqueous solution but forms free-standing physical gels at 37 °C due to hydro-phobic associations of the PNIPAm segments. The gelation process is reversible and shows potential applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering. 

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