Poly cyclic voltammogram

Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) has been electropolymerized using cyclic voltammetry. Cyclic voltammograms of poly (FAD) modified electrode were demonstrated dramatic anodic current increasing when the electrolyte solution contained NADH compare with the absence of pyridine nucleotide. 

Figure 2. Cyclic voltammograms of a poly(2,2 -bithiophene)-coated electrode in acetonitrile containing 0.1 M Bu4NC 04.34 (Reprinted from G. Zotti, C. Schiavon, and S. Zecchin, Irreversible processes in the electrochemical reduction of polythiophenes. Chemical modifications of the polymer and charge-trapping phenomena, Synth. Met. 72 (3) 275-281, 1995, with kind permission from Elsevier Sciences S.A.)...

Figure 3. Cyclic voltammograms of 3-methylpyrrole-4-carboxylic acid in acetonitrile + 0.1 MEt4NC104.58 (Reprinted from P. G. Pickup, Poly-(3-methylpyrrole-4-carbox-ylic acid) An electronically conducting ion-exchange polymer, J. Electroanal. Chem. 225, 273-280, 1987, with kind permission from Elsevier Sciences S.A.)...

Figure 4 compares cyclic voltammograms for a redox polymer (poly-[Fe(5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline)3]3+/2+)91 and p-doping and undoping of a conducting polymer (polypyrrole).92 The voltammogram for the redox... 

Figure 4. (A) Cyclic voltammograms over a range of scan rates for a redox polymer (poly-[Fe 5-amino-1,10-phenanthrotme)3]3+/>)91 and (B) p-doping and undoping of a conducting polymer (polypyrrole) (B). [(A) Reprinted from X. Ren and P. O. Pickup, Strong dependence of the election hopping rate in poly-tris(5-amino-1,10-phenan-throline)iron(HI/II) on the nature of the counter-anion J. Electroanal. Chem. 365, 289-292,1994, with kind permission from Elsevier Sciences S.A.]...

Figure 7. Cyclic voltammograms of poly(3-methylthiophene) in acetonitrile + 0.1 M E NCICV The solid line represents three identical voltammograms to +1.0 V. while the dashed line is for two subsequent scans to +2.0 V.1 (Reprinted with permission from Anal Chem. 65,696-703.1993. Copyright 1993, American Chemical Society.)...

Cyclic voltammetric studies involving polymers, 558 and the nature of charge carriers, 561 and the nucleation loop, 557 of poly (3-methylthiophene), 564 and parallel-band electrodes, 570 Cyclic voltammograms as a function of scan rate, 559 involving polymerization, 559 with polyanaline, 566 of polypyrrole film, 581... 

F. la-c. Cyclic voltammograms of dissolved and stance confined ferrcx ne in a< tonitrile/0.1 M TBAP. a. 4 X 10 M dissolved ferrocene at Pt. b. 4-ferrocenyl-phenylacetamid monolayer bound to Pt (ref. ). c. Poly-vinylferrocene dip coated on Pt,r = 1 x lO raolcm. Straight arrows indicate diffusional events. Curved arrows electron transfer events (from ref. ). 

Fig. 2. Curve A Eleotropolymerization of ImH H2(o-NH2)TPP in 0.1M Et NClO /CH CN by sweeping potential at 200mV/s on Pt electrode. Numbers represent scan number. Curve B Cyclic voltammogram of an electropolymerized film of poly-[H2(o-NH2)TPP] on a Pt electrode, in 0.1M Et NClO /CH CN at 200 mV/s. Integration of the charge under the wave shows that coverage is 3.5X10 9 mol/cm of the porphyrin sites. Curve C Rotated disk electrode voltammetry of the Os(lII,Il) reaction for 0.2 mM...

Figure 1. Cyclic voltammogram on a tin oxide electrode modified with a thin film of poly-1. A sweep rate of 50mV/s was emp 1 oved in CH3CN containing 0.1 M TBAPFS. E vs. Ag+(0.1 M AgN03 in DMSO)/Ag.

Fig. 16. Cyclic voltammogram of poly(paraphenylene) PPP in CH3CN-0.2 M LiC104 using PVF + C paste on 0.2 sq. cm Pt electrode. Reproduced from ref. 224, by kind permission of Gordon and Breach Science Publishers S.A.

Figure J.73 Cyclic voltammograms ofa 20nm-(hick poly pyrrole on Pt in (etracthylammonium tetrafluoroboralc/CHjCN solulion. The scan rates arc as shown. From Diaz t>r at. (1981).

Figure 3.81 Typical cyclic voltammograms of a poly pyrrole film on Pt in Nrsatu rated 1 M NaClOj. The voltammograms were collected immediately after holding the film at -0.6 V vs, SCE for 5 min and after cycling for 5 min. The scan rate was 100 mV s "1 and the film thickness 84 nm. Reprinted from Electrochimica Acta, 36, P.A, Christensen and A. Hamnett, In situ Spectroscopic Investigations of the Growth, Electrochemical Cycling and Overoxidation of Polypyrrole in Aqueous Solution , pp. 1263-1286(1991), with kind permission from Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 0BW, UK.

Figure 15.14 Cyclic voltammogram (top) and accompanying frequency change (bottom) for a poly(xylylviologen) film. Data taken from Ref. 15.

Figure 5. Generation/collection experiment with poly(I)-coated microelectrodes in CH3CN/O.I M [n-Bu4N]PFg at 10 mV/s. The lower cyclic voltammograms are for the generator electrode as its potential is swept between -0.2 V and -0.9 V vs. Ag+/Ag while the potential of the collector electrodes is held at 0.0 V vs. Ag+/Ag.

The formed thin and uniform poly(phenyleneoxide) films on electrode are interesting because of their electric and electrochemical properties. Figure 1 shows a typical cyclic voltammogram for the oxidation of 2,6-dimethylphenol at a platinum electrode in... 

Electrodes coated with thin polymeric films of poly-c -[Ru(vbpy)2(H20)2] " (vbpy = 4-methyl-4 -vinyl-2,2 -bipyridine) or poly-cw-[Ru(pyr-bpy)2(H20)2] (pyr-bpy = 4-(2-pyrrol-l-yl-ethyl)-4 -methyl-2,2 -bipyridine) have been prepared, and cyclic voltammograms of these films are similar to that of c -[Ru (0)2(bpy)2] in solution. ... 

Fig. 7.141. Cyclic voltammogram (semi-infinite-linear diffusion conditions) in the system Ag(poly)/5 x 10 2 M Pb(CI04)2 + 5 x 10 1 M NaCI04+5x10-3 M HCI04 with dEdft = 10 mV s-1 at T = 298 K. (Reprinted from E. Budevski, G Staikov, and W. J. Lorenz, Electrochemical Phase Formation and Growth, p. 49, copyright 1996 John Wiley Sons. Reproduced by permission of John Wiley Sons, Ltd.)...

Fig. 24.3. Cyclic voltammogram of ferrocene carboxylic acid at a bare carbon electrode (—), a poly(o-phenylenediamine)-coated working electrode (...) and at sonicated poly(o-phenylenediamine)-coated carbon working electrode (---).

Fig. 33 Multisweep cyclic voltammogram of 44a in acetonitrile (0.1 moldirT3TBAHFP, Pt electrode, v = 250 mV s-1) Synthesis of poly-44a is shown.

Figure 5.8 Cyclic voltammograms of (a) differently sized CdSeNCs 129 (b) hexyl (curve l)anddodecyl (curve 2)-substituted poly(3-alkylthiophenes).147 (Reprinted with permission from M. Skompska and A. Szkurlat, Electrochim. Acta 2001, 46, 4007-4015. Copyright 2001, Elsevier.

Very thin films (ca. 10 nm) formed by electropolymerization can be used to effectively prevent signals due to interferences. Figure 1 shows a cyclic voltammogram for the electropolymerization of poly(l,3-DAB) onto a platinum ultramicroelectrode (25/un diameter). Note how the current decreases with each subsequent scan, indicating coverage of the electrode surface. 

Figure 5.67 Cyclic voltammogram and frequency potential plot for [Os(bpy)2(PVP)ioCI ]CI in 0.1 M p-toluene sulfonic acid. The potential scan rate was 1 mV s with a surface coverage of 2.0 x 10-8 mol cm-2. A/ is frequency change. Reprinted from. Electroanal. Chem., 389, A. P. Clarke, J. G. Vos, A. R. Hillman and A. Glidle, Overall redox switching characteristics of osmium-containing poly(4-vinylpyridine) films immersed in aqueous p-toluene sulfonic acid, 129-140, Copyright (1995), with permission from Elsevier Science...

Fig. 6.17. Cyclic voltammograms of o-phenylenediamine (101 M) oxidation for W03 thermal-treated (350°C) anodic films (b) and smooth platinum electrode (c) first sweep (curves 1) and repeated sweep (curves 2) scan rate was 80 mV/cm2. The left picture shows a schematic representation of the morphology of thermal-treated anodic W03 film tungsten support, highly defective oxide (including the continuous donor clusters), moderately doped oxide (non-shaded region), poly-o-phenylenediamine deposits.

Fig. 19 Evolution of cyclic voltammograms on GCE in DMF containing 0.1 M TBABF4 during repeated successive scans showing the formation of (a) / o(y-(OH)MnPc (NH2)4 and (b) poly-OTi Pc(NH2)4- Scan rate = 100 mVs-1. Reproduced with permission from [45]...

Fig. 2.11. Cyclic voltammograms of a poly(aniline)-coated glassy carbon electrode (deposition charge ISO mC, geometric area 0.38 cm2), recorded at 5 mV s 1 in oxygen-free 0.1 mol dm 3 citrate/phosphate buffer at pH 5 in the absence (—), and in the presence (—), of 1 mmol dm-3 NADH. Before each scan the electrode was held at -0.3 V for 3 min to ensure complete reduction of the film.

Figure 2.5. Cyclic voltammogram of poly(terthienyl- spironaphthoxazine) in 0.1 mol dm 3 NBu ClO. MeCN (scan rate 100 m Vs 1).

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