Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine efficacy

Butler JC, Breiman RF, Campbell JF, Lipman HB, Broome CV, Facklam RR. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine efficacy an evaluation of current recommendations. JAMA 1993 270 1826-1831. 

ED Shapiro, AT Berg, R Austrian, D Schroeder, V Parcells, A Marglis, RK Adair, JD Clemens. The protective efficacy of polyvalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. New Eng J Med 325 1453-1460, 1991. 

In a recent cost-effectiveness analysis based on efficacy of the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine for prevention of only pneumococcal bacteremia and... 

Smit P, Oberholzer D, Hayden-Smith S, Koornhof HJ, Hilleman MR. Protective efficacy of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines. JAMA 1977 238 2613-2616. 

Broome CV. Efficacy of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines. Rev Infect Dis 1981 3(suppl) S82-S96. 

S. pneumoniae has more than 80 sero-types. The current polysaccharide vaccine consists of 23 serotypes and covers about 87% of all pneumococcal diseases in the United States. Current vaccine development is based on conjugate technology and concentrates on die most prevalent 7-9 serotypes. Three multivalent vaccine candidates are in clinical trials. All are based on conjugating the polysaccharide to a T-dependent protein carrier. The results of phase 1 and 11 trials in infants have demonstrated the safety and immnnogenicity of these vaccines. Phase. Ill trials to demonstrate efficacy are in progress and final approval of this vaccine for infant immunization will be by the year 2000. 

---