Plural scattering

The delta-function deconvolution method (FFT) was used to improve the spectral resolution and to remove the plural scattering effect at the core-loss edge in electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). The zero-loss peak (used as an instrumental resolution function) works as a nonattenuation high-pass filter in this technique [17]. Reflectance spectra in the vacuum ultraviolet of microcrystalline 3-BN, prepared by plasma CVD (chemical vapor deposition), and of sintered (3-BN measured with synchrotron radiation in the energy range from 5 to 25 eV, show reflectance peaks near 11.4 and 14 eV and a broad peak near 18 eV. The peaks at 11.4 and 14.0 eV are assigned to the E and E2 peaks of the sphalerite-type semiconductor [18]. 

With the development of new instrumental techniques, much new information on the size and shape of aqueous micelles has become available. The inceptive description of the micelle as a spherical agglomerate of 20-100 monomers, 12-30 in radius (JJ, with a liquid hydrocarbon interior, has been considerably refined in recent years by spectroscopic (e.g. nmr, fluorescence decay, quasielastic light-scattering), hydrodynamic (e.g. viscometry, centrifugation) and classical light-scattering and osmometry studies. From these investigations have developed plausible descriptions of the thermodynamic and kinetic states of micellar micro-environments, as well as an appreciation of the plurality of micelle size and shape. 

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