Platinum hollow structures

The adsorption of sulfur at platinum,40 rhodium,41 rhenium42 and ruthenium43 has been studied predominantly at fcc(lll) and hcp(0001) surfaces and shows many similar characteristics. Adsorption is initially into fee hollow sites of the fee metals and hep sites of the hep metals at higher coverages, mixed site occupancy occurs. A (2 x 2) structure is the first to be recorded appearing in the... 

An electrochemical reaction, the reduction of benzoquinone, is exemplarily described. An electrochemical micro structured reactor is divided into a cathode and anode chamber by a Nafion hollow-fiber tube. The anode chamber is equipped with a platinum electrode and the cathode chamber contains the analyte and carbon or zinc electrodes. Current density and flow rate are controlled to maximize current efficiency as determined by analysis of the formed hydroquinone by an electrochemical detector. Hydroquinone is extracted subsequently in a micro extractor from the resulting product stream [84],... 

The hollow ATO-PANI spheres obtained via the Pickering approach were decorated by Pt nanoparticles using a standardized polyol process. The chosen synthesis protocol for Pt decoration used mild conditions, which hence did not impact the hollow sphere structure. The hollow spheres were then sprayed onto a commercial Nation membrane and applied at the cathode side of an MEA. Figure 7.14a depicts a cross-sectional SEM image of the oxidic hollow spheres. It can be clearly observed that the sphere structure is maintained after the polyol process for Pt decoration. Single cell tests of the novel electrode design showed a maximum power density of 58 mW cm and a platinum utilization... 

The dendrite-like structures were made from highly porous hollow spheres. As the SnOEP became localized at the benzene-water interface, the platinum seeds formed during the photoreduction were able to grow in autocatalytic fashion and form Pt dendrites that eventually became nano foams [60]. 

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